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Spanish Exam 3 Review GuideConservation of the Environment Vocab:Pollution: la contaminaciónOzone Layer: la capa de ozonoSkin Cancer: el cáncer de pielFlood: la inundaciónExtinction: la extinciónRecycling: el reciclajeHeating: el calentamientoWastes: los desperdiciosTo choose: elegirWild: salvajeCultivar: to cultivateHole: el agujeroFishermen: los Pescadores Related to Fishing: pesquero (a)Natural Resources: los recursos naturalesThe Future VocabHuman Life: la vida humanaTo decrease: desminuir Decreasing: disminuyendoGenetics: la genéticaClones: las clonacionesEmbryos: los embrionesHomes: las viviendasSolar Energy: energía solarMachine: la máquinaComputerized Medical Services: telemedicinaScience and Technology VocabBiosphere: la biosferaSky: El cieloPlanet: El planetaRain Forest: el bosque topicalPreservation: la conservaciónHarvest: la cosechaRiver Basin: la cuencaDamage: el daño Deforestation: la deforestaciónEnvironment: el medio ambienteLoss: la pérdidaResources: los recursosReserve: la reservaJungle: la selvaLand, soil: la tierraLife: la vidaE-mail: el correo electrónicoMouse: el ratónRocket: el coheteSpace Ship: la nave espacialParachute: el paracaídasSpace Shuttle: el transbordador espacial Astronaut: el/la astronautaPeasant: el/la campesino (a)Human being: el ser humanoOutstanding/distinguished: destacado (a)Ready: dispuesto (a)Released: liberado (a)Portable: portátil Of the jungle: selvático (a)To threatren/ to menace: amenazar To turn off the lights: apagarTo cause: causarTo build: construirTo harm: dañar To show/demonstrate: demostrar To develop: desarrollar To breakdown: descomponer To waste: desperdiciar To design: diseñarTo meet, to find, to encounter: encontrar To manage/handle: manejar To forget: olvidar To tear: romper Subject, matter, issue: el asunto Well-being, welfare: el bienestar Cardboard: (de) cartón Against: contra Run the risk: Correr el riesgo Due to: debido a In search of: en busca deSafe and Sound: sano(a) y salvo(a)The Past Perfect“I had…”- Use when referring to an event that occurred before another past event!EX’s: Cuando entré al estadio, mucha gente ya había llegado. (When I entered the stadium, many people had already arrived)Había comido (I had eaten)Yo había vivido en Georgia antes de venir a State College. (I had lived in Georgia before I came to State College)Antes de graduarme, yo había viajado a México con mis compañeros de colegio. (Before I graduate, I had traveled to Mexico with my college friends)Haber + participle Haber in imperfect form + ParticipleHabía Habíamos ADO (AR)Habías Habíais IDO (ER)Había Habían IDO (IR)Irregular Past ParticiplesHacerHechoPonerPuestoRomperRotoVerVistoVolverVueltoAbrirAbiertoEscribirEscritoCubrirCubiertoDecirDichoMorirMuertoDevolverDevueltoImperfect Subjunctive- Verb before the “que” gets conjugated in the imperfect form. Verb after the “que”gets conjugated in imperfect subjunctive form! EX’S: Mis padres querían (Imperfect) que estudiara (Imp. Subj.) mucho.Era (Imperfect) importante para mi madre que asistiera (Imp. Subj.) a la escuela.REMINDER OF THE imperfect tense:Endings:AR ER/IRaba ábamos ía íamosabas abais ías íaisaba aban ía ían- Only 3 irregulars and NO stem changesIrregulars:Ir (iba, ibas, iba, íbamos, iban)Ser (era, eras, era, éramos, eran)Ver (veía, veías, veía, veíamos, veían)To form imperfect subjunctive:Conjugate verb in ellos, ellas, ustedes form of the preterite (aron, ieron, yeron)…drop -onending and add new ending***Endings are the same for AR/ER and IR verbs***a amosasa an*** For the nosotros form, place an accent mark on the vowel before the “r”***EX’S: Habláramos ComiéramosIrregulars in Imperfect Subjunctive:All verbs that are irregular in 3rd person preterite will be irregular in imperfect subjunctive!Ser (fuer)Andar (anduvier)Caber (cupier)Traducir (tradujer)Dar (dier)Hacer (hicier)Decir (dijer)Poder (pudier)Querer (quisier)Poner (pusier)Venir (vinier)Traer (trajer)Tener (tuvier)Divertirse (se divirtier)Servir (sirvier)Dormir (durmier)Leer (leyer)Caer (cayer)Huir (huyer)Jugar (jugué)Llegar (llegué)Buscar (busqué)Almorzar (almorcé)If Clauses1. Si + Imperfect Subjunctive  Conditional Less ProbableEX’S: Si estudiaras más, sacarías mejores notas. (If you studied more, you would receive better grades)Si vinieras a mi casa, te invitaría a cenar. (If you came to my house, I would invite you toeat dinner)Si tuviera dinero, iría a Africa. (If I had money I would go to Africa)REMINDER OF THE conditional tense:El Condicional “Would do something”***Endings are the same for AR/ER and IR vebs***ía íamosías íaisía ían***HayHabría (there would be)Irregulars: (10) (Same irregulars as future tense)HaberHabréPoderPodréQuerer QuerréSaberSabréPonerPondréTenerTendréSalirSaldréVenirVendréDecirDiréHacerHaré2. Si + Present indicative  Present/FutureMore ProbableEX’S: Si vienes a mi casa, te invito a cenar (Present) (If you come to my house, I invite you to eat dinner)Si vienes a mi casa, te invitaré a cenar (Future) (If you come to my house, I will invite you to eat dinner)REMINDER OF THE future tense:The Future Tense***Endings are the same for AR/ER and IR verbs***é emosás éisá ánTo form: 2 different ways1. Use infinitive + endingEX: Iré, seré, estaré2. Ir + a + infinitiveEX: Voy a comer Irregulars: (10) (Same irregulars as conditional tense)HaberHabréPoderPodréQuerer


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PSU ECON 102 - Spanish Exam 3 Review Guide

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