Bio Lon-Capa Quiz Questions: 1. The Function of NAD+ is to:a. Hasten the release of energy when the cell has been deprived of oxygenb. Carry hydrogen atoms and free energy from compounds being oxidized and to give hydrogen atoms and free energy to compounds being reduced.c. Cause the release of energy to adjacent cells when energy is needed in aerobic conditionsd. Block the release of the adjacent cellse. None of the above are accurate functions forNAD+2. Which one of the following is not a direct product of the Kreb’s Cyclea. FADH2b. ATPc. GTPd. CO2e. All of the above are direct products3. Which is NOT true of glycolysis?a. There are 2 ATPS used and 4 ATPs madeb. It starts with a 6-carbon sugar and ends with the production of CO2 and H2Oc. It occurs in the cytoplasm of living cellsd. It has an ‘investment’ phase and a ‘payoff’ phasee. Two NAD+ are reduced to NADH per molecule of glucose4. Identify each of the following reactions as endergonic or exergonica. Glucose + Galactose → Lactose b. Glucose +Phosphate → Glucose-6-phosphatec. NAD+ + 2 electrons + H+ → NADHd. 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate → 3-Phosphoglycerate + Pi5. Which one of the following function: location relationships is incorrect a. Citric Acid Cycle: Mitochondrial Matrixb. Electron transport chain and ATP synthase: Mitochondrial inner membranec. Acetyle CoA formation: cytosold. Glycolysis: Cytosole. Oxidative Phosphorylation: mitchocondrial inner membrane6. Which of the following statements about mitochondria is incorrect?a. Pyruvate must pass through a porin in order to ultimately be localized to the mitochondrial matrix.b. The outer mitochondrial membrane containsporins, which allows molecules of a certain size to pass.c. In bacteria, the ETC occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane.d. The pH of the intermembrane space is approximately 7.2. e. Protons are unable to penetrate the inner mitochondrial membrane but can get through the outer mitochondrial membrane7. The gain of electrons is referred to as ___, while the loss of electrons is referred to as____.a. Dephosphorylation; phosphorylationb. Condensation; hydrolysisc. Oxidation; reductiond. Reduction; oxidatione. Hydrolysis; condensation8. In a mammalian cell Glycolysis occurs in the ___, the Krebs cycle occurs in the ____ , and the Electron Transport chain occurs in the ___. a. Mitochondrial matrix, mitochondrial matrix, inner membrane of the mitochondria b. Cytoplasm, mitochondrial matrix, outer membrane of the mitochondria c. Cytoplasm, mitochondrial matrix, inner membrane of the mitochondria d. Cytoplasm, cytoplasm, outer membrane of the mitochondria e. Cytoplasm, Cytoplasm, inner membrane of the mitochondria 9. Which one of the following statements about ATP is incorrecta. ATP synthesis in living cells is a result of the breakdown of a carbon source (such as glucose) in a series of oxidation steps in one or more metabolic pathways. b. The hydrolysis of ATP is an exergonic reaction. c. ATP is the most common source of energy in the cell. d. ATP gets reduced to NADH during the oxidation of glucose in an aerobic environment. e. ATP is a ribonucleoside triphosphate.10. True or false: The final electron acceptor at the end of the electron transport chain is carbon dioxidea. True b. False11. Identify if each of the following statements about metabolism is true or false?a. Catabolic reactions have an overall negative ΔG. b. During the catabolism of glucose, energy is harvested in one large energy-yielding step. c. Substrate level phosphorylation occurs during both the TCA cycle and during glycolysis. d. The most stable form of hydrogen in a cell is water and the most stable form of carbon is carbon dioxide. 12. Which one of the following is not a process of aerobic respiration?a. Oxidative phosphorylationb. Citric acid cyclec. Glycolysisd. Lactate fermentatione. Acetyl CoA formation 13. Which one of the following represents an accurate difference between the inner and outer mitochondrial membranesa. The outer membrane has porins which allowmolecules to pass, while the inner membrane is imprenetrable to ions or small moleculesb. The Krebs Cycle takes place in the outer membrane and NADH and FADH2 are shuttled to the inner membrane for the ETC. c. Protons can easily cross the inner membranebut not the outer membrane, keeping them trapped in the intermembrane space and causing the formation of a electrochemical gradient. Incorrect: Only the outer membrane forms cristae, while the inner membrane does not. d. None of the above -- the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes are identical in structure and function.14. In biological reactions, electrons are transferred via hydrogens. When reducing FAD, how many electrons/protons are transferreda. 3 electrons and 1 protonb. 1 electronc. 4 protonsd. 4 electronse. 2 electrons15. Which of the following statements about glycolysis iscorrect?a. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm for anaerobic organisms and in the mitochondria for aerobic organismsb. Glycolysis is a more complicated process (i.e.more reactions) in a human than in an anaerobic bacterium. c. Glycolysis involves at least one redox reaction in the pathway, and therefore can only be performed by aerobic organismsd. The ATP molecules generated from glycolysisare synthesized via oxidative phosphorylation. e. Glucose gets oxidized in a series of steps intotwo 3-carbon molecules called pyruvate, yielding 2 molecules of ATP and 2 molecules of NADH per glucose molecule during the process.16. Which of the following is not an oxidation reaction?a. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate → 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate b. α-ketoglutarate → Succinyl-CoA c. Pyruvate → Acetyl-S-CoAd. Succinate → Fumarate e. NAD+ → NADH 17. Which one of the following is not a product of the citric acid cyclea. Carbon Dioxideb. FADH2c. Waterd. GTP (then converted to ATP)e. NADH18. Ions move freely through the outer membrane of the mitochondria via:a. ATP Snythaseb. Complex Ic. Complex IVd. Porinse. Complex III19. NADH Dehydrogenase, also commonly refered to as Complex I:a. Is located in the cytoplasm of prokaryotesb. Is a complex of enzymes involved in krebs cyclec. Receives electrons from the oxidation of FADH2d. Is located in the mitochondrial inner membrane of eukaryotese. Is a type of porin20. If an E. Coli culture is grown under anaerobic conditions, which one of the following statements is correct?a. Less ATP is made during glycolysis per molecule of glucose than under