Friar Bartolome de las Casas A priest who became an encomendero to help convert Indians into Christianity But after he realized the injustice of the encomendero towards the Indians he renounced his Encomienda He was the most vocal critic of Spanish colonial policies and looked for ways to peacefully convert the Indians His attempt at first succeeded but angry encomenderos killed some of the missionaries He then called for the passage of the New Laws which suppressed the Encomienda system and debated with Sepulveda that it was illicit to enslave Indians Bacon s Rebellion After the price of tobacco fell the economic crop of Virginia unemployed indentured servants sought land to strike out on their own Because of the falling tobacco price the indentured servants were told they would have to work even longer in order to pay off their debts They appealed to Governor Berkeley who refused their request Nathaniel Bacon led the indentured servants and some Indians to attack Jamestown which he burned down Bacon died later of the bloody flux thus ending the riot The rebellion was significant because Virginians were horrified of using indentured servants and started mass import of African slaves for use The Glorious Revolution James II was overthrown from his monarch seat in England because he was a Catholic king England had suffered from its past Catholic monarchs such as Queen Mary who was given the nickname Bloody Mary because she sentenced people who were not Catholic to death James II had been ruler for a while and had been appointing Catholics into government positions which frightened his people Once he was overthrown he was replaced by his daughter and her husband Parliament also passed legislation prohibiting Catholics from becoming monarchs which established supremacy of Parliament over the monarch thus limiting the monarchs power England s first main religion was Roman Catholicism until King Henry VIII wanted an annulment with his first wife Catherine In order to achieve his annulment he separated from the Roman Church and created his own church the Church of England Massachusetts 1620 Puritan Virginia 1607 1608 1613 Anglican Christian Maryland 1632 1634 Catholic Pennsylvania 1682 Religious tolerance The development of the Christian church About Virginia The Roman Catholic Church s ill doings Development of Puritans those who separated from Catholic About Massachusetts Maryland Pennsylvania William Penn Quakers were persecuted for their religion because they were pacifists so they did not serve in the military and they did not pay taxes because they did not support the King and Queen of England William Penn was a Quaker as well and due to the persecution he constantly received he aimed to create a place free of religious persecution The current king James II had a debt that needed to be settled with Penn s father however he had already passed away so as debt repayment Penn received a charter for what would become Pennsylvania He guaranteed free and fair trial by jury freedom of religion freedom from unjust imprisonment and free elections War of Jenkin s Ear Britain and Spain had signed a trade agreement In the trade agreement Britain had allowed Spain to stop any of their ships and check them There were high tensions between Britain and Spain because Spain would sometimes stop and seize Britain ships as well as hold and torture some of the crew members One captain of a British ship had his ear cut off by the Spanish Coast Guard and even showed his cut off ear in the British House of Commons thus leading Britain into a war with Spain that would extend into the War of Austrian Succession Noting especially the colonies in Massachusetts Virginia Maryland and Pennsylvania assess carefully how religion affected the formation of the different colonies The formations of the different colonies were directly affected by religion Roman Catholicism was the major religion adopted in England until King Henry VIII wanted an annulment with his first wife Catherine The pope rejected King Henry VIII s request for an annulment stating that an annulment is not acceptable by the church King Henry VIII then separated from the Roman Church and created his own the Church of England The religion upheld by the Church of England would then be called Anglican or Christian Virginia Virginians were used to the tradition of being supported by the church Law mandated Virginians worship in the Anglican Church Church supported by tax dollars Line between religious and civil authority blurred Struggle for religious freedom paralleled struggle for political independence Virginians not tolerant of non Christian religions White women were primary guardians of family religious life Maryland self government was meant to be started by Lord Baltimore who was a Catholic however he passed away and the charter was given to his son another Lord Baltimore who was a Catholic as well Two Catholic priests went with a group of settlers to Maryland The government system was undetermined because the settlers would reject the terms of government and with the time needed for the settlers to receive the reply from the assembly a self government was formed There were flyers passed out to get more settlers to Maryland so land was offered to people who would come There was so much land given out that there were no rooms for towns Legislative assembly with two houses one for the governor and his council and the other for the freemen Pennsylvania first started by Quakers George Fox had been walking around in England speaking with multiple people of different religions in order to more fully understand After researching he came up with his own which would later be known as Quakers Quakers constantly suffered from religious persecution and would be imprisoned because of their religious views George Fox wanted to create a colony that would be free from religious persecution however he passed away and his legacy for creating the colony was undertaken by his friend William Penn who was also a Quaker Representative government Traditional two house legislature to unicameral assembly Taxpaying freemen could vote Massachusetts Representative Legislature body divided into two houses Only free Catholic men were allowed to vote