GSS Week 3 Jeopardy Chapters 2 6 9 24 9 25 Chromosomes 100 How many chromosomes does a human egg cell have A 23 In haploid form 200 How many classifications of chromosomes are there A 4 metacentric submetacentric acrocentric telocentric 300 What holds sister chromatids together until anaphase in mitosis A Cohesin 400 What classification of chromosomes do humans NOT have A Telocentric 500 What is the difference between euchromatin and heterochromatin A Euchromatin will be expressed while heterochromatin will not be expressed Mitosis and Meiosis 100 How many checkpoints are there in the cell cycle A 3 G1 G2 Metaphase 200 In what stage of mitosis do sister chromatins separate and move to opposite poles A Anaphase 300 In what phase of meiosis do chiasmata form A Prophase I 400 Down s syndrome is an example of what sort of disjunction A Trisomy 2n 1 500 Why don t sister chromatids separate during Anaphase I of Meiosis A Shugoshin protects cohesin at the centromere of the sister chromatids and is degraded at anaphase II so that the cohesin can be degraded Mendelian Genetics and Probability 100 What term do we use to describe alternate forms of the same trait A Alleles 200 A test cross is a cross between what phenotype and which genotype A Dominant phenotype x Homozygous recessive 300 What occurs in a reciprocal cross A The phenotypes of the male and female parents are reversed 400 What is the expected phenotypic ratio in a dihybrid cross of two heterozygous parents A 9 3 3 1 500 In a progeny of 200 offspring how many will be AabbCcDD with the parental cross of AaBbCCDD x aaBbccDD A x x 1 x1 x 200 25 Pedigrees 100 What does a double line in a pedigree indicate A Consanguinity 200 If an individual marries into a pedigree of a specific trait we can assume that he she is what genotype A Homozygous for not having the trait 300 Tay Sachs disease is an example of what sort of trait A Autosomal recessive 400 Which two traits can skip generations in a pedigree A Autosomal recessive and X linked recessive 500 What sort of trait could NOT show a pedigree where all carriers are male but not all males are carriers A X linked dominant would have to have a female carrier Sex Linked Characteristics 100 In humans which sex is heterogametic A Male XY 200 How much of a population has to have a trait to consider it wild type A 1 300 In drosophilia if the ratio between X chromosomes and autosomal chromosomes is between 5 and 1 what is its sex A Intersex 400 If an SRY gene accidentally crosses over to an X chromosome and that X chromosome is used to make a baby what sexual phenotype will the child have A Male but genotype will be female 500 Why are all calico cats female A Calico cats have a distinct fur pattern that comes about due to the inactivation of one X chromosome meaning that they must have two X chromosomes Extensions of Mendelism 100 What is the only genotype for someone who has O type blood A ii 200 Which blood genotype could accept a donor of any blood type A IAIB 300 What is a full color chinchilla s genotype if when mated with a albino chinchilla there are some offspring that are Himalayan A CCh 400 What is the phenotypic ratio in a recessive epistasis dihyrbid heterozygous cross A 9 3 4 Labrador retrivers 500 Why in the case of lethal alleles in the yellow mice is lethality recessive A Because it takes two alleles to cause death A mouse can have the dominant allele and be yellow but the one dominant allele is not enough to cause death GSS Week 4 Worksheet Chapter 7 10 1 10 3 Short Answer 1 Who did the fruit fly experiments that were the foundation for the research of linked genes Thomas Hunt Morgan 2 How many centiMorgans is a recombination frequency of 10 10 3 What are the gene ratios between parental and recombinants in a test cross when the genes are not linked 1 1 1 1 parental parental recombinant recombinant 4 Genes farther apart on the chromosome will have a higher or lower recombination frequency Lower less likely to cross over with one another Problem Solving 1 In the garden pea orange pods orp are recessive to green pods Orp and sensitivity to pea mosaic virus mo is recessive to being resistant to the virus Mo A plant with orange pods and sensitivity to the virus was crossed with a true breeding plant with green pods and resistance The F1 plants were then testcrossed with plants with orange pods and sensitivity to the virus The following results were obtained 160 orange pods virus sensitive 165 green pods virus resistant 36 orange pods virus resistant 39 green pods virus sensitive A Conduct a Chi Square to see if these genes are linked If they weren t linked the ratio would be 1 1 1 1 so 100 progeny of each Chi square yields 60 2 100 65 2 100 64 2 100 61 2 100 156 5 so we reject the hypothesis that the genes separate independently So genes are linked B Draw the chromosomes of the parental generation the F1 generation and the test cross Parental will be Orp Mo Orp Mo x orp mo orp mo F1 will be Orp Mo orp mo Test cross will be orp mo orp mo C If they are linked calculate the map distance between the genes on the chromosome recombinants total progeny x 100 36 39 36 39 160 165 x 100 18 8 mu 2 The following numbers were obtained for testcross progeny in Drosophilia W W W W M M M M F F F F Total 218 236 168 178 95 101 3 1 1000 A Based on this chart what are the parental phenotypes the single crossovers and double cross overs Top two are parentals middle 4 are single cross overs bottom two are double crossovers B What gene is in the middle Double crossovers are different from parentals by M so M is in the middle C Construct a genetic map with units of these three genes on a chromosome Between W and M 168 178 3 1 350 1000 35 mu Between F and M 95 101 3 1 200 1000 20 mu I will then draw the chromosome on the board with correct units labeled GSS Week 5 Worksheet Chapter 7 12 10 8 10 10 Short Answer 1 Sea urchin DNA which is double stranded was shown to contain 17 5 of its bases are cytosine What percentages are the other three base pairs C G so 17 5 G A T 32 5 2 What are the four major steps in DNA replication Initiation unwinding elongation and termination 3 Which nitrogenous bases are purines and which are pyrimidines What s the difference between the two Adenine and Guanine are purines and Cytosine and Thymine are pyrimidines Purines have a double ring structure while pyrimidines …