SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.Figure 18.1Using Figure 18.1, match the following:1)Purkinje fibers.1)2)SA node.2)3)AV bundle.3)4)AV node.4)5)Bundle branches.5)1Figure 18.2Using Figure 18.2, match the following:6)Atrial depolarization.6)7)Point after which pressure begins to rise in the aorta.7)8)Ventricular repolarization.8)9)Point that represents the "dup" sound made by the heart.9)2Figure 18.3Using Figure 18.3, match the following:10)Ventricular fibrillation.10)11)Second-degree heart block.11)12)Junctional rhythm.12)13)Normal sinus rhythm.13)3MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.Match the following:14)The inner lining of the heart.15)Heart muscle.16)Serous layer covering the heartmuscle.17)The outermost layer of the serouspericardium.A)MyocardiumB)EpicardiumC)Parietal layerD)Endocardium14)15)16)17)Match the following:18)The pacemaker of the heart.19)Found in the interventricular septum.20)Network found in the ventricularmyocardium.21)The point in the conduction system ofthe heart where the impulse istemporarily delayed.A)Purkinje fibersB)SA nodeC)AV nodeD)AV bundle18)19)20)21)Match the following:22)Prevents backflow into the leftventricle.23)Prevents backflow into the rightatrium.24)Prevents backflow into the left atrium.25)Prevents backflow into the rightventricle.26)AV valve with two flaps.27)AV valve with three flaps.A)Aortic valveB)Mitral valveC)Tricuspid valveD)Pulmonary valves22)23)24)25)26)27)4SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.Figure 18.4Using Figure 18.4, match the following:28)Tricuspid valve.28)29)Mitral valve.29)30)Right atrium.30)31)Left ventricle.31)32)Pulmonary veins.32)MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.Match the following:33)Heart muscle is deprived of oxygen.34)Death of heart muscle cells.A)InfarctionB)Ischemia33)34)535)A condition of rapid and irregular orout-of-phase contraction of heartmuscle cells.36)An abnormal pacemaker.37)Total heart relaxation.A)Ectopic focusB)Quiescent periodC)Fibrillation35)36)37)TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.38)The myocardium receives its blood supply from the coronary arteries.38)39)Cardiac muscle has more mitochondria and depends less on a continual supply of oxygen thandoes skeletal muscle.39)40)Anastomoses among coronary arterial branches provide collateral routes for blood delivery to theheart muscle.40)41)Congestive heart failure means that the pumping efficiency of the heart is depressed so that there isinadequate delivery of blood to body tissues.41)42)Tissues damaged by myocardial infarction are replaced by connective tissue.42)43)The left side of the heart pumps the same volume of blood as the right.43)44)Chronic release of excess thyroxine can cause a sustained increase in heart rate and a weakenedheart.44)45)Arterial blood supply to heart muscle is continuous whether the heart is in systole or diastole.45)46)Trabeculae carneae are found in the ventricles and never the atria.46)47)The "lub" sounds of the heart are valuable in diagnosis because they provide information about thefunction of the heart's pulmonary and aortic valves.47)48)Autonomic regulation of heart rate is via two reflex centers found in the pons.48)49)The papillary muscles contract after the other ventricular muscles so that they can take up the slackon the chordae tendineae before the full force of ventricular contractions sends blood against theAV valve flaps.49)50)An ECG provides direct information about valve function.50)51)As pressure in the aorta rises due to atherosclerosis, more ventricular pressure is required to openthe aortic valve.51)52)Proxysmal atrial tachycardia is characterized by bursts of atrial contractions with little pausebetween them.52)6MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.53)Normal heart sounds are caused by which of the following events?A)closure of the heart valvesB)friction of blood against the chamber wallsC)excitation of the SA nodeD)opening and closing of the heart valves53)54)Which of the events below does not occur when the semilunar valves are open?A)Ventricles are in diastole.B)Ventricles are in systole.C)AV valves are closed.D)Blood enters pulmonary arteries and the aorta.54)55)Hemorrhage with a large loss of blood causes ________.A)no change in blood pressure but a slower heart rateB)a rise in blood pressure due to change in cardiac outputC)no change in blood pressure but a change in respirationD)a lowering of blood pressure due to change in cardiac output55)56)The left ventricular wall of the heart is thicker than the right wall in order to ________.A)expand the thoracic cage during diastoleB)accommodate a greater volume of bloodC)pump blood through a smaller valveD)pump blood with greater pressure56)57)Damage to the ________ is referred to as heart block.A)AV bundleB)AV nodeC)SA nodeD)AV valves57)58)The P wave of a normal electrocardiogram indicates ________.A)atrial repolarizationB)atrial depolarizationC)ventricular repolarizationD)ventricular depolarization58)59)Blood within the pulmonary veins returns to the ________.A)right atriumB)right ventricleC)left atriumD)left ventricle59)60)Small muscle masses attached to the chordae tendineae are the ________.A)trabeculae carneaeB)venae cavaeC)pectinate musclesD)papillary muscles60)61)The term for pain associated with deficient blood delivery to the heart that may be caused by thetransient spasm of coronary arteries is ________.A)ischemiaB)myocardial infarctC)angina pectorisD)pericarditis61)62)To auscultate the aortic semilunar valve, you would place your stethoscope in the ________.A)fifth right intercostal spaceB)fifth intercostal space inferior to the left nippleC)second intercostal space to the right of the sternumD)second intercostal space to the left of the sternum62)763)The source of blood carried to capillaries in the myocardium would be the ________.A)fossa ovalisB)coronary sinusC)coronary veinsD)coronary arteries63)64)The fact that the left ventricle of the heart is thicker than the right ventricle reveals that it ________.A)sends blood through a smaller valveB)pumps a greater volume of bloodC)expands the thoracic cageD)pumps blood against a greater resistance64)65)Which of the following factors does not influence heart rate?A)skin