Lecture 1-3Thursday, February 13, 20145:12 AMLECTURE 1 -ALL LIFE ON EARTH ARE BASICALLY SUBDIVIDED INTO FIVE KINGDOMSEVERYTIME WE TALK ABOUT A PARASITE OR DIFFERENT…WE NEED TO KNOW WHERE IT FALLS, IF IT’S AN ANIMAL, OR PROTIST - EUCAHRIOTIC HAS A NEUCLEUSMALARIA – PROTIST, MONERANS – BACTERIA, FUNGI -ARTHROPODS ARE THE KINGDOM OF THE ANIMAL -CAMBRIAN EXPLOSION – ORIGIN OF THE FIRSST ARTHROPODS3.2 BILLION YEARS AGO – FIRST FOSSIL, FIRST SIGN OF LIFE, ROCKS BUILT UP ON BACTERIA, BACTERIA SHOWED UP 3.2 BILLION YEARS AGO LECTURE 2 -150 MYA major insect groups are in place-Approximately 400 MYA insects arose -MEDICAL REVELANCE – LIMITED BECAUSE WE CONSUME THEM ON QUITE A LARGE SCALE-COPEPOD – PLAYS A ROLE IN TRANSMISSION OF A WORM THAT CAUSES RECUCULIASIS…DCRUSTASIAN INVOLVED IN DISEASE TRANSMISSION -ISOPODS – ONLY CUSTACEANS THAT HAVE ADAPTED TO LIVING ON LAND-PARASITIC ISOPOD – LVIES IN THE MOUTH OF RED SNAPPERS, GROWS IN MOUTH, INSERTS PROBOSIS AT THE BASE OF TOUNG, THEN STARTS CONSUMING THE BLOOD OF THE RED SNAPPER, TOUNGUE SHRINKS -SCORPIONES - -UROPYGI – HARD TO FIND IN NATURE, QUITE HARMLESS, NO VENOM BUT CAN SECRETE ACETIC ACID/VINEGAR, CALLED WHIP SCORPION BC OF TAIL, FRONT LEGS ARE ELONGATED ….USES LIKE ANTENNAE TO WALK….DETECT -AMBLYPYGI – WHIP SPIDER, ANTENNAE TO WALK-ARANEAE – SPIDERS, 30THOUSAND SPECIES, ALMOST ALL ARE VENOMOUS, NOT ALL HAVE FANGS POWERFUL ENOUGH TO PIERCE SKIN OF HUMANS, BITES ARE MILD LIKE BEE STING BITES> MORE DANGEROUS – BROWN RECLUSE, BLACK WIDOW> ONLY ONE LOST VENOM> USE VENOM AS DEFENSE AND PREY ON FOOD KNOW> DIPLOPODA – MILLIPEDES, SOME ARE POISONOUS, CAN CAUSE PROBLEMS> CHILOPODA – CENTIPEDES, PREDATORS AND VENOMOUS-PAUROPODA/SYMPHYLA - SOIL ARTHROPODS, BARELY SEE WITH NAKED EYE LECTURE 3 -WAY INSECTS GET THEIR OXYGENNO CLOSED CIRCULATORY SYSTEM, THERE ARE NO SYSTEM OF CAPILLARY HAS A SYSTEM OF TUBES CALLED TRACHEA RUNNING THROUGHOUT THE BODY TO OUTSIDE OF HOLES FROM ABDOMEN-HOLES CALLED SPIRCLES – AIR ENTERS TUBES AND DISTRIBUTED THROUGHOUT HOLLOW TUBES, DIFFUSIONOF OXYGEN FROM THE OUTSIDE OF THE BODY TO THE INSIDE -SPIDERS - BLOOD HAS A FUNCTION OF STORING OXYGEN, HAS PROTEIN CALLED HAEMOCYANIN -INSECTS - BLOOD HAS NO ROLE IN TRANSPORTING OXYGEN -SUBGENUAL ORGANS – COMMUNICATE BY MAKING VIBRATIONS, ORGANS FOR DETECTING VIBRATIONS -JOHNSTONS’ ORGAN – LOCATED AT THE FACE OF THE MOSQUITO, SOUND IN AIR, VIBRATION IN ANTENNAE, VIBRATION PICKED UP AT THE BASE OF THE ANTENNAE -TYMPANAL ORGAN – MEMBRANE THAT VIBRATES IN RESPONSE, SAME AS OUR EAR DRUMS, LOCATED IN LEGS OF (INSECFT SIMILAR TO PRAYING MANTIS GRASSHOPPER) - WHAT IS AN ALLERGIC REACTION – A RELATIVELY HARMLESS SUBSTANCE (ALLERGEN) ELICITS AN OUT-OF-PROPORTION REACTON OF THE IMMUNINE SYSTEM-Local allergic reactions - contact with body-Large local reactions - constrict blood vessels or nerves-Systemic allergic reactions (anaphylaxis)oAnaphylactic shock - dangerously low blood pressure and constriction of bronchia (caused by wasp, bee, ant