Biol152 Spring 20145 Quiz #4 1) What kind of negative impact on population growth can genetic drift have? a) the evolution of genetic isolating mechanisms. b) inbreeding depression c) increasing genetic diversity d) none of the above 2) In the “Why sex?” documentary shown in class, there was a mixed population of both clonal and sexually reproducing individuals. The sexually reproducing species tended to have greater resistance to parasites. Which hypothesis best explains the fitness advantage conferred on sexually reproducing individuals? a) The Red Queen b) Inbreeding depression c) Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium d) All of the above are equally compelling explanations. 3) In the “Why sex?” documentary, why did the sexually reproducing fish become clone-like in their genetic diversity after a drought? As a result of: a) a red Queen genetic transition b) an adaptive radiation c) a bottlenecking event d) All of the above. 4) In the “Runaway” model of sexual selection discussed in class: a) A male trait evolves first and then a female preference for that trait evolves after. b) A female preference for a male trait evolves first and then the male trait evolves after. c) Males evolve traits that advertise the quality of their genes. d) None of the above. 5) Reproductive isolating mechanisms can evolve by which of the following evolutionary mechanisms? i natural selection ii. sexual selection iii. genetic drift a) i b) ii c) i and ii d) ii and iii e) i, ii, and iii 6) Under the biological species concept, two populations are considered distinct species if they meet which of the following criteria? i. There is no gene flow between the populations ii. They have adaptations that are irreducibly complex iii. They are found in different locations iv. In all circumstances (in zoos, the lab, etc.) they can interbreed within each population, but not between the populations. v. In natural settings, they can interbreed within a population, but not between populations. vi. their morphology (shape or form) is different. a) i, iii, vi b) ii, v, vi c) ii, iii, iv d) i, v e) i, ii, iii, iv, v, and vi.7) What conditions are required for geographic (allopatric) speciation? a) a broad diversity of habitats within a geographic area. b) a physical barrier to the flow of genes between two populations. c) the ability of individuals from different populations to mate. d) the occurrence of host races. 8) When two closely related species and have offspring we refer to these as: a) hybrids b) a mistake c) postzygotic barrier d) new species 9) Darwin first described the idea of sexual selection. Which of the following was not one of the postulates that he used to develop this idea? a) Males tend to compete for females. b) Females appear to choose among males. c) Males tend to be elaborate in morphology and behavior. d) Females tend to be cryptic in morphology and behavior. e) All of the above are Darwin’s postulates. Extra Credit 10) The name of the insect in which females eat while copulating. a) Glutinous Wolf Beetle b) Voracious Vampire Mite c) Black-tipped Hanging Fly d) Hanging-tipped Black Fly e) None of the