ContentsIntroductionChapter 3 IPv6 AddressingHexadecimal Number SystemRepresentation of IPv6 AddressesPrefix NotationBrief Look at IPv6 Address TypesStructure of a Global Unicast AddressPutting It TogetherSubnettingIndexABCDEFGHIJ-KLMNOPQ-RSTUVW-X-Y-ZCisco Press800 East 96th StreetIndianapolis, IN 46240 IPv6 Fundamentals: A Straightforward Approach to Understanding IPv6 Rick GrazianiIPv6 Fundamentals: A Straightforward Approach to Understanding IPv6 Rick Graziani Copyright© 2013 Cisco Systems, Inc. Cisco Press logo is a trademark of Cisco Systems, Inc. Published by:Cisco Press800 East 96th StreetIndianapolis, IN 46240 USA All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the publisher, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review. Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 First Printing October 2012 The Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is on file. ISBN-13: 978-1-58714-313-7 ISBN-10: 1-58714-313-5 Warning and Disclaimer This book is designed to provide information about IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6). Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accurate as possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied. The information is provided on an “as is” basis. The author, Cisco Press, and Cisco Systems, Inc. shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damages arising from the information contained in this book or from the use of the discs or programs that may accompany it. The opinions expressed in this book belong to the author and are not necessarily those of Cisco Systems, Inc. ii IPv6 FundamentalsFeedback Information At Cisco Press, our goal is to create in-depth technical books of the highest quality and value. Each book is crafted with care and precision, undergoing rigorous development that involves the unique expertise of members from the professional technical community. Readers’ feedback is a natural continuation of this process. If you have any comments regarding how we could improve the quality of this book, or otherwise alter it to better suit your needs, you can contact us through email at [email protected] . Please make sure to include the book title and ISBN in your message. We greatly appreciate your assistance. Trademark Acknowledgments All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appro-priately capitalized. Cisco Press or Cisco Systems, Inc. cannot attest to the accuracy of this informa-tion. Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark. Publisher: Paul Boger Business Operation Manager, Cisco Press: Anand Sundaram Associate Publisher: Dave Dusthimer Cisco Press Program Manager: Sonia Torres Chavez Executive Editor: Mary Beth Ray Technical Editors: Jim Bailey, Yenu Gobena Managing Editor: Sandra Schroeder Copy Editor: John Edwards Development Editor: Marianne Bartow Project Editor: Mandie Frank Editorial Assistant: Vanessa Evans Book Designer: Louisa Adair Cover Designer: Sandra Schroeder Composition: Mark Shirar Indexer: Tim Wright Proofreader: Debbie Williams iiiiv IPv6 Fundamentals About the Author Rick Graziani teaches computer science and computer networking courses at Cabrillo College in Aptos, California. Prior to teaching, he worked in the information technology field for Santa Cruz Operation, Tandem Computers, and Lockheed Missiles and Space Corporation. He holds an M.A. in computer science and systems theory from California State University Monterey Bay. Rick also does consulting work for Cisco Systems. When he is not working, he is most likely surfing at one of his favorite Santa Cruz surf breaks. Rick Graziani, the early years.v About the Technical Reviewers Jim Bailey, CCIE #5275 (Routing & Switching; Service Provider ) and CCDE #20090008, is a Services Technical Leader at Cisco Systems with more than 20 years of experience in networking. As part of the Central Engineering Network Architecture and Design Advanced Services team, he focuses on the architecture, design, and implementa-tion of networks for Enterprise, Service Provider, and Government customers. He has focused on IPv6 integration into those networks over the last seven years. Yenu Gobena is a Distinguished Service Engineer in a strategic role in the Borderless Network Architecture and Design Space. He is also a key player in evangelizing, consult-ing, and enabling multiple Cisco architectures such as BYOD, VDI/VXI, IPv6, converged Core infrastructures, and Data Centers. Yenu also focuses on consulting and providing design services to some of the leading IPv6 adopters globally. Yenu has been leading IPv6 customer delivery engagements and workshops for several years, and he has earned a trusted advisory role for dozens of accounts around the globe. He is a sought-after industry speaker and represents Cisco at key IPv6 initiatives around the world. Based in Research Triangle Park (Raleigh, N.C.), he has experience in a broad range of tech-nologies, including Routing and Switching, MPLS, SP Mobility, IPv6 Architecture and Design, Enterprise, and SP NGN Architectures. Yenu holds a B.S. in telecommunications from the State University of New York. He has two children, Amara and Elena, with his wife, Molly. Yenu is CCIE certified, has published multiple white papers, and is an IPv6 Forum Certified Gold Trainer.vi IPv6 Fundamentals Dedication This book is dedicated to my parents. Thank you for the many years of love and support.vii Acknowledgments First of all, I would like to thank all my friends and colleagues for their assistance. A special thank-you to all my friends in the Thursday evening DPS (Dropped Packet Society). Thank you for your help during and after our “meetings.” There are too many of you to list, but Mark Boolootian, Dave Barnett, and Jim Warner, thanks for the many years of discussing technologies and answering questions. We’ve drawn a lot of topologies on a lot of napkins over the years. Jim Bailey at Cisco Systems deserves much more credit than the
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