Geology 101 Physical geologySyllabusTextbookClass policiesSlide 5Slide 6Office of Disability ServicesOutlineWhat is Geology?Slide 10Slide 11Slide 12Slide 13Slide 14Slide 15Slide 16Why Study Geology?Slide 18Slide 19Slide 20Slide 21Slide 22Slide 23Slide 24How is Geology a “Science”?Most Physical Sciences Work within “closed” systemsSlide 27The earth system can be subdividedSlide 29Interactions of major earth systemsSlide 31Why is geology unique amongst the sciencesSlide 33Slide 34Slide 35Slide 36Slide 37Geology 101Physical geologyFall 2014Dr. Gray DeanSyllabus•5 tests (including final)•4 Exams (lowest dropped) 3 @ 17% each = 51 % •1 Final (Comprehensive) = 17 % •Lab = 33 %•1 point for being oh so special! = 1 %•Total Points = 101 %•Grades:•91-100 = A•81-90 = B•71-80 = C•60-70 = D•< 60 = F•Lab is Mandatory•Lab = 33% of course gradeTextbook•REQUIRED!!!!!•Earth: Exploring Geology (Renolds, Johns, Morin and Carter,2013).•Lab Manual also required. Be sure to bring lab manual to your first lab meetingClass policiesRead ALL materials before classYou are responsible for materials from the readings as well as from the lectureTake NotesHelps you “process” informationMaking outlines of notes helps understandingRegular AttendanceLecture helps “clarify” conceptsLecture provides opportunities for questionsLecture may add information not found in text–Office hours M, W, F 10 - 11 am or by appointment–Room 217 EPSClass policies•Missed exams – Prior approval, only Lowest score is dropped•Exam Format–Multiple choice–Fill in the blank/Short answer?Final: ComprehensiveDec 5th (F) from 8 AM – 10 AMClass policies•NO cellphones are to be used for any purpose in this class–Please keep them turned off and put away•Academic Integrity and Civility–Cheating on tests will result in disciplinary action•Please refer to Campus Syllabus posted in Blackboard and emailed to everyoneOffice of Disability Services•If you need course adaptations or accommodations because of a documented disability, please contact the Office of Disability Services by September 16•2227 Dunford Hall •Telephone/TTY: 865-974-6087•E-mail: [email protected] •This will ensure that you are properly registered for servicesOutline•What is geology•How do we study geology–Processes–Materials•Why do we care about geology–Resources, hazards, human interest–We are part of this planet•Need to live harmoniously or else…•How is geology a science–Scientific method and concept of systems•What makes geology unique amongst the sciences–Time and scaleWhat is Geology?•The Study of RocksNO!Rocks merely provide a physical record of processes, geology is much more than just rocks!What is Geology?•Study of planets (earth) and planetary processes•Includes “Earth materials” •Includes ALL phases of materials•Includes ALL processes•Includes the interactions of biology•Synthesis of ALL sciences–Chemistry, Physics, Biology, Ecology,Astronomy, Mathematics, Engineering….MineralsEarth MaterialsRocks = Aggregates of mineralsRocks = Aggregates of mineralsGravityStreamsGlaciersGroundwater Waves and currentsWindEarth ProcessesEarth ProcessesEarth ProcessesEarth MaterialsTell Us About ProcessesRock type may tell ushow this was depositedFossils may tell us the environmentMinerals tell us the environmentWhy Study Geology?Earth is our HomeEarth is our HomeProcesses affect our lives:HazardsVolcanoesFloodsEarthquakesSubsidenceLandslides2004 Indonesian Earthquake and TsunamiJune 23, 2004December 27, 2004Why Study Geology?Earth provides us resourcesEarth provides us resourcesEach US Citizen uses these:Earth provides our critical resourcesNonmetallic resources4+ tons of stone4 tons of sand and gravel1200 pounds of iron and steel4 tons of coal>4 tons of oilMetallic resourcesEnergy resourcesCopper Mine – Berkeley Pit, Butte, MontanaGeology helps to find and extract resourcesGeology also helps efficient utilizationof critical resources such as WaterApproximately 40% of US agricultural products come from the “wheat belt,” which is irrigated by groundwaterOgallala AquiferGeology helps us plan land use wiselyU.S. has 4% of the world’s population, but generates 50% of its garbageHow is Geology a “Science”?Many predictions can be Tested in controlled settings, but…Other hypotheses are confirmed by observations in the fieldMost Physical SciencesWork within “closed” systems•A “system” is a combination of related parts that interact in an organized fashion.•A “Closed system” does not exchange material or reactions across its boundaries, except energy•An “Open” system allows an exchange of matter across boundaries•Most Geological systems are “open”Earth SystemSolar SystemThe earth system can be subdividedThe earth system can be subdividedInteractions of major earth systemsWhy is geology uniqueamongst the sciences•Open systems•Scale of systems–From macro to micro-scale•Time–The magnitude of time represented by geological systemsGeology as a “unique” scienceScale of the features we deal withThe concept of timeGeology as a “unique” scienceScale of the features we deal withThe concept of timeThe concept of time(the earth 250 million years ago)Why geology is cool…Why geology is