BCHM 4116 1st Edition Lecture 25Outline of Last Lecture I. Regulation of Transcription and Regulation of Gene Expression Cont.II. Gene Transcription in Eukaryotes Outline of Current Lecture I. The structure and function of RNA polymerase II, the mRNA-synthesizing RNA polymeraseII. Transcription regulation in eukaryotes, including: Current LectureChapter 29: Transcription and Regulation of Gene Expression cont. #2a. The structure and function of RNA polymerase II, the mRNA-synthesizing RNA polymerase i. CTD is essential to RNA pol II functionii. Only RNA pol II whose CTD is not phosphorylated can initiate transcription1. But phosphorylation = transcription elongation 2. Phosphorylation triggers conversion of an initiation complex into an elongation complex b. Transcription regulation in eukaryotes, including: i. General features of gene regulatory sequences: promoters, enhancers, and response elements 1. Promoters consist of 2 features:a. Core element, near transcription start site where general transcription factors bindb. Regulatory elements 2. Enhancers assist initiationa. Location of enhancers relative to transcription start site is not fixedi. May be thousand nucleotides away from promoter ii. Act to enhance transcription even if positioned downstreamb. BIDIRECTIONAL in that they function in either orientation c. “promiscuous” b/c they stimulate transcription from an promoter that happens to be in their vicinity These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.d. enhancer function is dependent on recognition by a specific transcription factor 3. Response Elements : promoter responsive to common regulation a. Ex. heat shock element (HSE)b. Glucocorticoid response element (GRE_) c. Found in promoter
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