EST 200 1st Edition Lecture 21 Outline of Last Lecture I Decentralized political system II Tribe Outline of Current Lecture I Tribe continued II Centralized Political Systems Chiefdoms III Chiefdom IV State Political Organization Current Lecture I II III IV Tribe a Group of elders may form a council that acts within the tribe or with outsiders i Production is small scale ii Labor pool just enough for necessities iii Informal Political Organization Centralized Political Systems Chiefdoms and States come into being when a social life more complex b populations rise c technology more complex d specialization of labor e trade networks produce a surplus of goods Chiefdom a Political authority and power are concentrated in a single individual the Supreme Chief or Chief of Chiefs who i may recruit laborers to build irrigation works ii wealth may be passed to heirs iii highly unstable political organizations iv numerous groups of individuals recognize the leader in a Chiefdom v the Chief has the power to use force to maintain order vi may legitimately receive goods from his her group for redistribution State Political Organization a most formal of Political Organization b hallmarks of Civilization c Political power is centralized These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute d It may legitimately use force to regulate the affairs of its citizens as well as relations with other states i Appeared 5 000 years ago Not permanent ii nowhere have states ever begun to show the staying power exhibited by more decentralized political systems iii delegates authority to maintain order within and outside its borders iv found in societies with diverse groups social classes and associations v brings together many kinds of people e All states have i social class ii economic functions iii wealth distributed unequally f a market economy is an integral part of most states as are vast surpluses of goods and services as is intense specialization of labor g Large states require elaborate centralized structures involving hierarchies of executives legislators and judges who initiate pass and enforce laws for large numbers of people