PSY 1001 1st Edition Lecture 8 Outline of Last Lecture I Chemical Transmission as the Synapse a Glutamate b GABA c Serotonin d Dopamine Motivation I Definition and Phenomena II A Basic Model for Motivation A Thermoregulation B Feeding and Hunger Outline of Current Lecture I Feeding and Hunger II Sexual motivation a Sexual response b Sexual arousal III Sexual orientation These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute a Common theories Current Lecture I Feeding and Hunger 1 Hormones i Ghrelin communicates with the hypothalamus to increase hunger stomach ii Cholecystokin counters ghrelin s effects small intestines iii Leptin signals us to reduce appetite and increase the amount of II energy used fat cells 2 Psychological Influences i Emotional arousal ii Environment iii Control a Restrained eaters try to control eating b Unrestrained eater don t try to control eating 3 Dieting i One strategy lower your set point with drugs ii Craighead s study a Behavioral modification works long term b Drug therapy only c Both behavioral mod and drug therapy works short term Sexual Motivation 1 Sexual response i Masters Johnson the human sexual response ii Men and women have similar sexual response cycles a Excitement blood flow to pelvis increases b Plateau level of maximum arousal c Orgasm pleasurable release from sexual tension d Resolution body gradually returns to pre arousal states 2 Sexual Arousal i Affectional bond relationships in early life ii Specific gender differences a Males visual cues close up sex acts b Females touch cues style setting mood of situation odor iii General arousal can be translated into sexual arousal iv Repeated exposure habituation v Sexual desire libido is influenced by genes biology social and III cultural factors vi Neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine appear to play a role Sexual Orientation 1 Common theories of sexual orientation particularly homosexuality don t hold up i Identification with opposite sex parent ii First sexual encounter iii No recruitment into a particular orientation 2 What is predictive i Gender conformity nonconformity in childhood