POLS 1100 1st Edition Lecture 71) Political Culture, Socialization, and Public Opinion- A Broad set of norms and values about what is acceptable, appropriate or desirable in politics and society.- Patterned Set of ways of thinking about how politics and government should be conducted.2) Transparency Values- National Security, Trust, Freedom, Democracy. 3) Political Efficiacy- One’s belief about their influence in politicsi) Internal Efficacy – Control over one’s own destiny.ii) External Efficacy - Influences one’s surroundings, including politics4) What effects your efficacy?- Education Level, Knowledge, Political beliefs, social class.5) Political Socialization- Process by which we go through life and acquire political beliefs and attachments6) Party Identification- Cognitive Affiliation – Learned, attached, a perceptual screen.- Usually less Republicans in US- Democrats stay stable7) Party ID and Voting- Voting (1954)i) Social groups form basis of voter identity- The American Voter (1960)i) Party ID major influence on vote choices and voter perceptions.8) Foundations of Political Opinions- Not very strong- Nature of Belief Systems in Mass Republics (Converse, 1964)- Nature and Origins of Mass Opinion (Zaller, 1992)9) Public Opinion- Measured by: Opinion polls- Why do we measure it? : See if votes actually line up with government.10) Designing Polls- Gallup and ANES- Population- Samples- Random Sampling11) Push Poll- Push Poll- Trading Polls- Exit Poll- Margin of error- Selection and Response