Reli 104 1st Edition Lecture 8 Outline of Last Lecture I Who s zoomin who The literary relations of the Gospels II Who gets to go first Arguments for the Markan Priority III What a Q IV M and L bringing up the rear V Summary The four source hypothesis VI Who cares Outline of Current Lecture II Review a Reasons for emphasizing similarities and differences b Methods for studying the gospels III A redactional analysis of Luke Luke also wrote the book of acts a The death of Jesus b The return of Jesus Current Lecture I Review Reasons for emphasizing similarities and differences o So that you can see each of the authors of the NT have a different messages its not that their contradictory messages but they are trying to emphasize different things Get us to see that we need to read each book on its own for what it has to say Methods for studying the gospels o Literary historical method king of approach that tries to establish literary genre of a work and how that genre works in its historical context applied to Mark it s a biography but have to understand how it worked in ancient times Also apply this to revelation o Redaction criticism Gospel of Matthew One establishes an authors sources and see how they have modified the sources Can actually do redactioal method with Mark but its very complicated o Comparative criticism These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute The theory a lot like redaction criticism but a distinctive difference Redactional method assumes you know what the authors source is Problems with doing thiswhat if we are wrong about the synoptic problem what if we have thought that Mark was the source for Matthew but what if its the other way around Comparative method does something similar but doesn t presuppose that you have established sources correctly Not seeing how an author has changed its source instead seeing how two books are similar and different with each other independently of whether one was the source for the other Can do this with Matthew and Mark Logic behind this is that if they have lots in common the places they are different will show the distinctive emphasis of each one is Way of trying to study piece of literature Can use this with any two books on the planet An example The Genealogy 3 23 38 Found in both Luke and Matthew What matters that they are similar but different Strange that Luke is the genealogy of Jesus in Chapter 3 where he came from would usually give it when they are born don t get it until after he is baptized My pet theory is that Luke originally did not have Chapters 1 and 2 The first addition of Luke began with what is now Chapter 3 verse 1 Matthews is in Chapter 1 Pointed out that Matthew was emphasizing the Jewish of Jesus decent Emphasizes that he has descended from father of Jews and King of the Jews Genealogy goes back to Abraham father of the Jews He starts with Abraham Luke s goes the other direction starts with Jesus and goes backwards unusual usually goes from ancestors to descendants Luke has both Abraham and David in genealogy but they are not emphasized Two things that are so striking in Luke s genealogy Luke s genealogy is different than Matthews from Joseph back to David differents because Luke says that Jesus descended from David s son Nathan and Matthew says he descended from David s son sothem What people think Matthew s genealogy of Joseph and Luke is the genealogy of Mary Problem with this Luke is explicit that his genealogy is the genealogy of Joseph Why are they different Didn t know each other What is even more important is how Luke s genealogy ends Luke doesn t end with Abraham it continues past Abraham and goes back to Adam as in Adam and eve Why would Luke emphasize Adam Adam was the father of entire human race Luke is stressing that Jesus is the savior of all people Jewish and Gentile See this by comparing it to the other genealogy Matthew stresses Jesus Jewishness II A redactional analysis of Luke Luke also wrote the book of actsspread of Christianity through the Roman empire after Jesus s resurrection The death of Jesus o Question Why does Jesus die Cf Mark 10 45 15 39 40 People often talk about it still today Most christens say that he died for the sins of the world and so people can have salvation How does Jesus death bring salvation to anybody In early Christianity sometimes thought that b c people were sinful they belonged not to god but to the devil In that understanding Jesus died b c he was paying the devil off to win peoples souls His death was a ransom for peoples souls Other Christians who said that he died as human sacrifice In Jesus is the perfect sacrifice sacrificed to God b c people are really ticked off at people Appeasement of god who is angry at you b c of your sin Sometimes is expressed that Jesus is atonement for sin something happens to restore relationship that someone else has Jesus death restores your relationship with god Death of Jesus was a miscarriage of justice People wrongly putting innocent man to death When you realize this you realize how sinful humanity is and you are So when you recognize this you recognize your sin and you repent your sin and god will forgive you Difference between atonement and forgiveness Suppose you owe me 1000 dollars and you cant pay cause you don t have it How do we deal with this Suppose someone else pays it for you that s like atonement Suppose I say I forgive the debtthat s forgiveness not atonement Mark has a doctrine of atonement Luke has a doctrine of forgiveness Think this is shown by redactional analysis o Possible answers Mark 10 45 Jesus says the son of many did not come to be served but to serve but to give his life as a ransom for many Going die for the sake of other people What happens when he dies He is in shock and is silent and cries god why have you forsaken me doesn t understand why he has to die but the reader understands Immediately curtain in temple rips curtain was separating holy of holy s from everything elsemeans that people now have access to god b c Jesus has died Centurion says truly this man was the son of god when he saw that he died he realized that he is the son of god first to receive salvation gentile coming into faith before Jews Luke s view what does Luke do Eliminates Mark 10 45 Luke s gospel curtain rips in half after Jesus announces that temple is going to be destroyed and now a time of darkness While