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UNC-Chapel Hill RELI 104 - The Formation of the New Testament

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-first gospels (4 books): Mathew, Mark, Luke and John. Four books described the beginnings of Christianity. Talk about the life, death, and reserection of Jesus. Only books that tell the stories. Where you get info about jesus. Beginning of NT and Christianity-Acts: The spread of Christianity (1book).How did Christianity spread after jesus’s death.Narrates how the early church converted people to be followers of jesusSpread of Christianity-Epistles: Letters that Christian readers wrote: the beliefs and ethics of Christianity (21 books)don’t tell stories, don’t talk about spreadwritten to talk about what Christians should believe and how they should behave.13 of these are Pauline Epistles (books claim to be written by paul8 General epistles (Catholic-universal/general) dealing with general problems-Revelation: The Culmination of Christianity (1 book)blueprint is what is going to happen in the futureabout what happens at the end of timeIV .Some books that didn’t get included:-many that didn’t get included, most of them are written after the NT. NT books are our earliest books. *NT is not arranged chronologically. Not that first books to be written are first in NT. Earliest writings we have are the letters of Paul (49-62 ce). Jesus died 30 boce. Gospels are written later (65-95 ce). Last books to be written is the book of second peter (120 ce). POINT: don’t have a lot of books that were written in this time frame, but we know that there were books that were written at this time and not included.the infancy Gospel of Thomas: called infancy gospel because its about jesus’s life as a young boy. Infancy means child. Tells stories about jesus as a youngster, really interesting. Question that’s driving this book is if jesus was a miracle working son of god as an adult, what was he like as a kid?Stories begin when he was a five year old, very different than what you find in NT.Starts out telling a story of jesus playing by a stream and gathers water into a pool but the water is all muddy, but he wants it to be clear. He orders it to be clear and it clarifies immediately. He makes 12 sparrows out of the mud, does this on the Sabbath day (not supposed to work on a Sabbath-not supposed to make something) man walks by and tells Joesph that his son is by stream and breaking the sabath. Joseph goes and tells Jesus that he has broken the Sabbath. He claps his hand and tells the birds to “be gone” and they fly away. He gets out of the problem and shows he is the son of god. Jesus zaps a kid because he gets on his nervesJesus is walking thru the town and a kid runs up and bumps him on the shoulder. The boy falls down dead. Jesus has all the powers that would be god b/c he is the son of god. Father decides that he needs to get an education. Sends him to a teacher that is going to teach him to read Greek and Hebrew. Jesus wont repeat after the teacher. Jesus says that you think you’re a teacher? Teacher smacks Jesus. Jesus withers him on the spot. Ends with jesus as a 12 year oldHard to know if the person who wrote this was serious or notGospel floating around in early ChristianityThe Epistle of BarnabasGlad that it didn’t make it inThought to have been written by one of Pauls companions (help him with missionary work)One companion was Barnabas; this letter is thought to be written by Barnabas but many people don’t think thisGlad it didn’t make it in because it is really anti jewish. Some people think that Christianity is anti-jewishMajor thesis: The Jews rejected god, so god has rejected them. Jewish people are no longer the people of god, the followers of Jesus are the people of godShows from the very beginning that Jews rejected god and god rejected them-so that moses broke the covenant of god as soon as he god it, so god took them away from them.They broke the Covenant and the law(literally), and so never did understand it. They misunderstood because they thought when god gave them the laws to moses, they took them literally and they weren’t supposed toThey mistook the Law as a literal guideAccording to barnabas, when god says don’t eat pork, you can eat pork but you shouldn’t behave like a pig. Don’t make a lot of noise when you are need but when things are going well don’t pray at all. That’s what it means to not eat pork-Jews misunderstood.Law says shouldn’t eat the hyena. Hyena changes its sex every year-one year male, next year female. Don’t be like that-don’t commit sexual immorality.Observe the Sabbath. God didn’t mean it literally. God created the world in 6 days and on the 7th day he rested. A day is as a thousand years and a thousand years is as a day. So when he creates the world in 6 days, he creates it in 7th days. After 6,000 years, there will be 1,000 years of paradise.The Apocalypse of PeterApocalypse-revealing or an unveiling; also means revalationAlmost made it into the NT. Church fathers thought it belonged in the NTApocalypse of john talks about what is going to happen at the end of time, apocalypse of peter talks about what happens when you dieSays that you either go to heaven or hell. First book where someone is given a guided tour of heaven or hell.Peter is Jesus disciple, written later by someone who claimed to be peter. Claims to given the tour by god himselfRealms of the blessed aren’t interesting. Hard to inject interest into eternal bliss. People in heaven are really happy-say they are happy, blessed and joyfulWhen he goes to realms of the damned, he can get very explicit and becomes more interesting. Easier to describe tourments of the dammed than the blessing of the savedTourments are related to the sins they created during there lives. Peters taken into a room of habitual liars. They are hanged by there tongues over eternal flamesWomen who seduced men in committing adultery by wearing fine clothes and braiding there hair-hanged by hair over eternal flamesMen are hanged by a different body part over eternal flamesReally don’t want to go to realms of the dammed-don’t create sins and you will go to realms of the blessed.V. The Process-books were eventually written, each by a different author. How did they publish it? Today, when you write a book, a publisher prints off thousands of copies and gets put into circulation today by publishers sending them out. Today, if you buy a copy, it will be the same book no matter where you buy it. No way to mass produce books in ancient worldCreationCirculation: had to have


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