POLS206 SI SESSION 7 16 13 EXAM 1 REVIEW What is the definition of politics Who gets what when and how How to manage conflicts that arise in society The process through which individuals and groups reach an agreement on common or collective action What is a public good Non excludable if you give to one you have to give to all Often hurt by the free rider problem A product that one individual can consume without reducing its availability to another individual and from which no one is excluded What is a hypothesis Cause and effect statement statement about the world that can be proven wrong What is collective action and what is the collective action problem Collective Action the pursuit of a goal or set of goals by more than one person Collective Action PROBLEM The situation in which multiple individuals would all benefit from a certain action but has an associated cost making it implausible that any one individual can or will undertake and solve it alone PRISONERS DILEMMA What is Article 1 of the constitution about Congress Legislation Branch what it can and cannot do House of representative and Senate House of Reps members elected directly by voters every two years qualifications based on population how vacant seats are filled Senate Two from each state elected by the people third voted on every two years six year terms What is a theory A statement of general beliefs and assumptions about the state of the world Implies several hypotheses about the world What is Article 2 of the Constitution about The Executive Branch The President What he can and cannot do Electoral college is used to elect the president Qualifications to become president Commander in Chief to conduct foreign affairs Who were the political philosophers and what did they believe John Locke MOST INFLUENTIAL Social Contract Theory govt forms for purpose of security and people trade rights to govt in exchange for protection but retain natural rights life liberty etc Thomas Hobbes life in states of nature is nasty brutish and short What is Article 3 of the Constitution about Judicial Branch Giving courts the power to decide cases Justices and Judges given life tenures Cases that can be brought directly to the supreme court What courts can and cannot do What is Article 4 of the Constitution about Talks about the states All states honor laws of other states Citzens of one state be treated equally and fairly like all citizens of another Admittance of new states Federal GOVT will protect the states again invasion What is Dillons Rule Legally state governments create and control local governments Defined the power of local governments and established the supremacy of state governments What are Articles 5 6 and 7 about Article 5 Amending or changing the constitution Article 6 Sets the constitution and all laws and treaties of the United States to be the supreme law of the country Article 7 Details the method for ratification or acceptance of the constitution What are the two views on the establishment of religion Separationist govt must avoid contacts with religion Accomodationist permit govt to provide support for religion and associated activities What is the Lemon Test A 3 part test for establishment clause violation announced by the US Supreme Court that examines whether govt policies support religious programs or cause excessive entanglement between govt and religion LEMON VS KURTZMAN What is DE FACTO SEGREGATION and DE JURE SEGREGATION DE FACTO Less formal means Happens BY FACT rather than by legal requirement FOR EXAMPLE Often the concentration of African Americans in certain neighborhoods produces neighborhood schools that are predominantly black or segregated in fact DE JURE Mandated by law and policies created by GOVT officials What was the Brown VS Board of Education case about Overturned the Plessy Vs Ferguson Case GOVT mandated racial segregation in schools and other facilities violates the equal protection clause of the FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT What is the difference between Civil Rights and Civil Liberties Civil Rights Positive act of GOVT intended to guarantee each person is treated as an equal entitled to freedom to etc EXAMPLE 26th Amendment entitles you to the right to vote and it cannot be denied Civil Liberties Negative act of GOVT Freedom of action or inaction without unwarranted GOVT intrusion limits on how far GOVT can invade our lives freedom from something that the GOVT cannot do EXAMPLE 4th Amendment freedom from unreasonable search and seizures Why is the FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT important Applies the BILL OF RIGHTS to the states selective incorporation Due process clause cannot deny life liberty or property without due process of law Not state should make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges and immunities of citizens of the United States What is Federalism Division of power between STATE AND NATIONAL GOVTS DUAL FEDERALISM LAYER CAKE COOPERATIVE FEDERALISM MARBLE CAKE 07 16 2013 07 16 2013