Chapter 5 (Molecules and Compounds): - Writing Chemical Formulas: How to infer a chemical formula for a binary ionic compound. - Law of Constant Composition of Compounds: Understanding of concept & calculation. • Memorization of Oxidation States of Metals in the periodic table o Metals with “Fixed” oxidation states = Type I o Metals with “variable” oxidation states = Type II Nomenclature of Type I binary ionic compounds: Ex: MgO: magnesium oxide. ZnCl2: zinc chloride Nomenclature of Type II binary ionic compounds: Ex: Fe2O3: iron (III) oxide. CuI: copper (I) iodideMemorization of Polyatomic Ions: Nomenclature using polyatomic ions • (same concepts as nomenclature for Type I and Type II Binary Ionic Compounds). Ex: NaNO2: sodium nitrite. CaCO3: calcium carbonate Nomenclature of Molecular Compounds: • Understanding of Greek prefixes (mono-, di-, tri, etc) Ex: CO2: carbon dioxide. SiBr4: silicon tetrabromide The six “ic” acids:Chapter 6 (Chemical Composition): The Mole concept: • Defined as 6.02 x 1023 particles of a substance • Originally derived from the exact number of atoms in 12 grams of the Carbon-12. Molar Mass concept: • Also known as “molecular mass” and “molecular weight” • Units are in g/mol • Sum of all atomic masses in a chemical formula (g/mol) [calculation] Conversion between number of atoms or molecules of a substance and number of moles (uses Avogadro’s Number). [calculation] Conversion between number of moles of a substance and number of atoms or molecules (uses Avogadro’s Number). [calculation] Conversion between number of moles of a substance and mass (g) (uses molar mass of the substance). [calculation] • Calculated for both elements and compounds Conversion between mass (g) of a substance and number of moles (uses molar mass of the substance). [calculation] • Calculated for both elements and compoundsConversion between mass (g) of a substance and number of atoms or molecules (uses molar mass of the substance & Avogadro’s Number). [calculation] • Calculated for both elements and compounds Conversion between moles of a compound and moles of a constituent element. [calculation] Conversion between grams of a compound and grams of a constituent element. [calculation]Mass % of an element in a compound [calculation] Empirical Formula determination: [calculation] Smallest whole number ratio of each type of atom in a molecular formula. Molecular Formula determination: [calculation] n = (Molar Mass of actual formula) / (Molar Mass of empirical