(2/32) Introduction to Psychology- explaining human behavior!!Psychology: the science that studies behavior and the!physiological and cognitive… (in text)"E-lab-Write down what he says and highlight definitions"This means why we do what we do, everything we do has scientific research behind it!(proven with scientific method), a science that studies why people do what people do and how we can use this to help elevate pals problems, encompasses the physical hardware we use to use our brains, used to maximize!effective.!"!Theoretical Perspectives Throughout History!Psychoanalysis- The!unconscious!"E-Lab- fallen out of favor, almost!unused, interpretation of dreams and unconscious, we suppress!it because the!impulses are to socially unacceptable, our subconscious codes our crazy subconscious thoughts so we don’t freak out, up to interpretation, this is referred to as!subconscious by the public!"!Behaviorists- reinforcement via outcomes"E-Lab- this uses!scientific backing, more likely to do!something again based on their past experiences, Weather your action was rewarded of!condemned, positive reinforcement will cause an action!to be repeated"!Humanist- Freedom and personal Growth"E-lab- more than just rats in a lab, unique to a human, expressing out freedom which is something rats don’t care about, didn’t embrace scientific method, rejected by positive phyist!"!Cognition- conscious thought"E-Lab- about how you perceive the world around you, this is what dictates our behavior"!Biological- Physiological underpinnings of behavior"E-Lab- your body has a set way of reacting to situations, fight or flight, whats happening with neurotransmitters, brain imaging, deals with the physical!aspects of your body that help determine decisions, chemicals in brain and biochemistry"!Evolutionary- natural selection"E-Lab- we have been shaped by evolution, live longer have more offspring, advantageous traits become more prominent, why do ppl do what they do to get laid,"!Cultural (not in text)- the context the individual!lives in"E-Lab- experience of your culture, based off of previous interactions"!Positive- focus on human strengths"E-Lab- Making yourself less miserable!doesn’t make you more happy, create highly functioning ppl,!don’t get along with humanists because positives rely on scientific method!"!!Areas of Psychology"!Chart in the book- I’m writing what he says"developmental- human development over their lifetime, brain development and social development"Social- how!small !groups interact with each other, 2-30 group dynamics, very interesting"Eduactional- used in school system"Health- decisions about how ppl eat, how they coup with disease"Physiological- bodily chemicals"experimental-!in text"cognitive- in text"psychometrics- create measures so we can make measurements about the things we are interested in, statistics and math"Personality- consistence and behavior,!"!Applied fields!Clinical- therapists, help eliviate issue"couseling- educational, similar to clinical be less in depth"Industrial and organizational- functional psychology, how th brain wants things to be laid out so they are confusing"School- problems with learning, IQ testing, helping kids with learning disabilities"!Weiten’s Seven Key Themes in Psychology!1. Psychology is empirical- basically saying it is a science, observe things with data to get out outcomes"2. Psychology is theoretically diverse- their are so many approaches, contrasting opinions"3. Psychology evolves in a sociohistorical context- psychology has influenced society, and vis versa, example would be about how we raise kids"4. Behavior is determined by multiple causes- all the factors that come into play that help you make your!decisions,!individuals decision!making processes are all different"5. Our behavior is shaped by our cultural heritage- some cultures don’t wear clothes, we observe the world through out cultural lens"6. Heredity and environment jointly influence behavior- nature v. nurture,!It IS both"7. Our experience of the world is highly subjectively- everyone!perceives!the world very differently, perception heavily influence how we interact with the world, we base our assumptions out of the tangible world around us