BIOL 1108 1st Edition Lecture 3Outline of Last Lecture I. Precision and AccuracyII. Types of error/biasIII. Describing and graphing data Outline of Current Lecture I. Traverse computations and map making (sections 3.10-3.16)II. Making a mapIII. Closing the areaIV. Acceptable errorV. Adjusting azimuthsVI. Latitudes and departuresVII. Estimating area using Dot Grid MethodVIII. Estimating area using scaling triangle methodCurrent LectureI. Traverse computations and map making (sections 3.10-3.16)a. Take spatial information and check quality of work i. Compute the sum of the interior angles: sum of interior angles (degrees)= (number of sides -2)(180)1. If a traverse has 5 sidesii. Sum of deflection angles= 360 degrees b. Determining interior angles (Case 1) i. North not “involved”ii. Interior angle is less than 180 degrees iii. Use horizontal distance with an engineer scale These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.iv. Convert frontsights to backsights 1. Interior angle= larger-smallerv. Deflection angle: difference between 180 and the interior angle c. Case 2i. North is “involved” ii. Interior angle is less than 180 degreed 1. Ex. 360 degrees – 310 degrees= 50 degrees; 40 degrees + 50 degrees= 90 degreesiii. Interior + deflection angles= 180 degrees1. Find the direction of deflection d. Case 3i. Interior angle is great than 180 degrees (obtuse)1. Convert frontsight to backsight to find interior ii. North is not “involved”iii. Difference between larger and smaller angle iv. Deflection: negative because the sum of the interior and deflection anglesabout any station (point) must be 180 degreesII. Making a mapa. Determine scale and choose a starting pointb. Align protractor with the paper’s grid at starting pointc. Mark where III. Closing the areaa. Assign deflection with a direction and sign; add them IV. Acceptable errora. Square root of the number of sides multiplied by the smallest angle that could bemeasuredV. Adjusting azimuthsa. If the interior angles are less than the desired size, add an equal amount to each, and adjust the FS and BS accordinglyb. If theVI. Latitudes and departures a. Latitude: the North-South component of a coursei. Cos(FS bearing) x distance ii. Sum should be 0b. Departure: the East-West component of a course i. Sin(ii. Sum should be 0c. Use Pythagorean theorem to calculate error of closure, if you don’t close i. Difference between latitudes and departures ii. 1/ (total perimeter/error of closure)d. Balancingi. The correction value= l sum of latitudes l x (section (side) distance/ total perimeter)ii. Balanced departure old latitude +/- the correction values VII. Estimating area using Dot Grid MethodVIII. Estimating area using scaling triangle methoda. Size(area)= .5(base) x