Review Sheet for the Final ExamAtoms, Molecules & Reactions spring 2006We have covered a multitude of topics and concepts in AMR. You have accomplished a great deal. The final exam will consist of two parts. The first part will assess your knowledge of specific material covered in materials chemistry. It will be similar in style to all of the other exams you have taken in AMR this year. A periodic table, necessary character tables, constants, and equations will be provided. You will have thirty minutes to complete this portion of the exam.The second part will be essay-style and will require you to bring notebook paper. Similarto homework assignment # 4, you will be given a current article from the literature. (Unlike what we discussed previously, everyone will be given the same article and it will be different from the seven used in HW # 4.) You will read the article and answer several essay questions pertaining to the article. This assignment gives you the opportunity to demonstrate your ability to extract information from scientific literature; demonstrate your knowledge of chemistry; and show your aptitude for combining multiple chemistry concepts and applying these concepts to a new setting. You will have ninety minutes to complete the second portion of the exam. This portion of the exam will be open-note and open-book(s). (You may use material from earlier quarters of the program.)TOPICS AND CONCEPTS IN MATERIALS CHEMISTRY:Solid State Diffusion (Conductivity): Know the following terminology: point defect, vacancy defect, Frenkel defect, superconductor, metal, semiconductor, DOS diagram Understand the role of defects in the diffusion ions in a solid.  Be able to explain the four mechanisms for diffusion in a solid. Understand the role of temperature in diffusion. Be able to do calculations involving activation energy and diffusion as well as specific calculations regarding a defect fraction and defect activation energy. Know the general conditions that make a material a good ionic conductor. Be able to select the most likely mobile species in an ionic conductor. Understand the difference in electric conductivity for metals, semiconductors, andmetalloids/semi-metals. Be able to explain how a rechargeable battery functions, compared to a non-rechargable battery. Understand the difference between the two battery types.Magnetism: Know the following terminology: ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, ferrimagnetic, paragmagentic, diamagnetic, magnetic susceptibility, Curie temperature, Néel temperature Be able to distinguish between the differenct types of magnetic behavior exhibitedby materials. Understand the difference between intrinsic magnetic behavior and extrinsic magnetic behavior. Understand the difference between magnetic behaviors that are individually basedand those that have cooperative roots. Understand how magnetic susceptibility changes with temperature. Know the two types of magnetic transitions we discussed in class Be able to explain a hysteresis loop for both a hard ferromagnet and a soft ferromagnet. Know applications of both hard and soft ferromagnets.Molecular Symmetry & Character Tables: Know the following terminology: symmetry operation, symmetry element, identity element, proper rotation (principle rotation), horizontal mirror, vertical mirror, center of symmetry, improper rotation axis, polarity, chirality, character tables, Mulliken symbols Be able to identify the symmetry elements of a compound. Know how to assign a point group w/o using the flow chart. Understand what a character table is and know what types of information they present. Know how to use character tables to identify vibrational modes as IR active, RAMAN active, both or neither.d-Metal Complexes: Know the following terminology: coordination compound, ligand, coordination number, Berry Mechanism, polydentate, high spin, low spin, strong field, weak field, octahedral splitting, tetrahedral splitting, square planar splitting, paramagnetic, diamagnetic, ligand field strength, electron pairing energy, Jahn-Teller Distortion. Know the most common coordination numbers and geometries for coordination compounds. Know the geometric isomers cis, trans, fac and mer. Be able to draw a coordination compound if provided the name or formula. Be able to name or provide formulas for coordination compounds. Know the common ligand names, including the two polydentate ligands we discussed. Be able to explain in both words and with diagrams what crystal field theory is and how it applies to octahedral complexes, tetrahedral complexes and square planar complexes. Know how to draw the d electronic configuration for a coordination compound in either the octahedral, tetrahedral or square planar arrangement. Understand why high spin and low spin occurs in complexes. Be able to identify a substance as paramagnetic or diamagnetic.Bioinorganics: Know the function of the s and d block metals in the dietary needs of humans. Understand the terms: peptide, protein, amino acid, primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure, quarternary structure, porphin, porphyrin,  Know what hemoglobin is, its basic quarternary structure, and how it functions in the body Know what collagen is, its basic quarternary structure, and how it functions in the body Be able to explain how myoglobin and hemoglobin work together in oxygen transportAlternative energy: Have a general understanding of the following alternative energy sources: hydrogen fuel cells, solar energy, wind power, hydropower, geothermal energy, biomass energy, oceanic energy Know the basics of how a photovoltaic cell functions, including what a semiconductor is and how doping affects electrical mobility.  The article for part II of the exam is current research in alternative energy with a focus on solar