Concentrating on the military political and economic sectors explain in summary form the emergence of modern international relations in terms of units and structure How do units and structures in the modern military political and economic sectors differ from units and structures in the ancient and classical period What developments in interaction capacity are most important for explaining how and why units and structures changed with the advent of the modern era The modern era saw the emergence of modern states as the dominant unit because of their ability to defeat city states and agrarian empires thus making them the most successful in military operations and as a result they created the most effective economies Europe was the biggest influence of the modern state due to its effective economy and military structure The Modern States obsession with technological innovation on war making materials led to the beginning of financing and credit Financing wars led to the creation of new technologically advanced war fighting materials Modern states overpowered city states and empires because neither could match nor overcome their military strength wealth or any of their technological innovations The rise of the modern states created strict standards of territoriality and sovereignty which meant that the international system was prone to war As the regional and global system became stronger the local became weaker and the system structural effects became stronger Buzan and little 331 Anarchy became a prominent structural effect in the modern world The economic and military political structures emanated from Europe in the modern era With military political regional substructures economic regionalism can also be read as a structural effect of the global market Buzan and little 336 Ancient classical era had different types of significant units which included the city state empires nomadic and sedentary tribes but as the international system moved on to the modern era there was only one type of dominant unit which was the modern state In the ancient and classical worlds capital was drawn from the neighboring cities but unlike the ancient and classical world Europe became wealthier at a great speed due to their expansion across the system The ancient and classical world had intense military interaction as did the Modern era but the difference was that the modern era had a rising technology which shifted from regional to global range Therefore the global market structure is one of the biggest differences between the modern international system and those of the ancient and classical era Buzan and little 334 Hierarchy was the dominant structural form during the ancient and classical era while anarchy was the dominant structural form in the modern era While Europe was the main economic actor of the modern era city states tribes and empires were the main economic actors of the ancient and classical eras Physical technologies in the Modern era had an enormous impact on how and why interaction capacity increased so immensely The transformation of interaction capacity began during the middle decades of the nineteenth century One of the first steps toward the formation of a global economic system and also a global international system was transoceanic communication As opposed to human skills and animal power the modern era began to implement the use of heat engines machines and minerals In marriage of stem and steel larger and faster ships were created increasing the speed and capacity of interaction capacity Even though the revolution of land arrived much slower than the one by sea it was the first time in which long distance traveling became a routine task for people One of the reasons why interaction capacity increased so much in the modern era was because of the World Wars These wars provided intense technological and industrial development The First World War created a need of improvements in the reliability of aircrafts which was achieved by increasing their size range and speed Development of rockets and nuclear weapons had a significant impact on the interaction capacity revolution Transportation technology changed the world in the amount of interaction but also changed the thought process of people While transportation technology had many benefits it also created fear in the eyes of people because most transportation technology created in the modern era was due to wars Finally by the late nineteenth century telephones radio and television were replacing letters and newspapers It was then that governments business people as well as average people around the world were able to access information much faster about political military and worldwide market as well This Essay consists mostly of chapters 8 to 15 in Buzan and Little In the ancient and classical period the main units were comprised of city states and sedentary empires as well as nomadic and settled tribes At this point in time there was an inability of states to distinguish reliably between the offensive and defensive intentions of powers in the system This lack of confidence fueled the overall inability of units in this period to unite and cooperate with one another to progress States were characterized by their attempts to seek political autonomy and willingness to go to war in pursuit of that goal In terms of structure military interaction was demanding of physical capacities and since physical technology was relatively low in the ancient and classical period the structure itself was limited Most military political sectors of units remained self contained The international systems were largely disconnected from each other being comprised of local regional and occasionally interregional international systems Economically the structure was also limited There were hints of market and command structures The political units were also main economic actors The interaction capacity in the ancient and classical period was limited to physical technologies such as the innovation of the wheel and domestication of animals as well as social technologies such as linguistics scripts religions etc These technologies diffused quickly and there was no imminent need for newer technology The physical and social technologies were largely driven by trade purposes For example multilingualism became almost necessary for merchants to trade among different regions As time progressed individual units began to act cooperatively and thus strategically in