11Practical ElectronMicroscopyESEM OverviewIan R. Harveyp.22p.3Configuration Al(HfMgW) Ceramic Ceramic multi-phase specimen “very light” carbon coat, stabilized for mapping Start at 16keV to see relevant peaks Find peaks in the 2keV neighborhood Adjust ROI to prevent overlap Adjust amp time for optimum peak resolution Drop Vacc to 5keV, then map again (go get somecoffee…)p.4Al(HfMgW) Ceramic3p.5p.6Use a “background” peak to give you“topographical” information: “What’sNOT there…4p.7Hmmm… maybe not Al…p.8ESEM mode: bioengineered tissue5p.9Pressure/temp PhaseDiagram for H20051015-10 300 10 20SolidphaseLiquid phaseGaseous phaseTemperature - CelsiusPressure - TorrESEMLOW VACp.10M. DeLong6p.11100 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 27.5 25 22.5 20 17.5 15 12.5 10 7.5 5 2.5 0°C0 4.6 4.3 4.1 3.9 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.0 2.7 2.5 2.3 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.01 4.9 4.7 4.4 4.2 3.9 3.7 3.4 3.2 2.9 2.7 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.02 5.3 5.0 4.7 4.5 4.2 4.0 3.7 3.4 3.2 2.9 2.6 2.4 2.1 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.03 5.7 5.4 5.1 4.8 4.5 4.2 4.0 3.7 3.4 3.1 2.8 2.5 2.3 2.0 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.04 6.1 5.8 5.5 5.2 4.9 4.6 4.3 3.9 3.6 3.3 3.0 2.7 2.4 2.1 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.05 6.5 6.2 5.9 5.5 5.2 4.9 4.6 4.2 3.9 3.6 3.3 2.9 2.6 2.3 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.06 7.0 6.6 6.3 5.9 5.6 5.2 4.9 4.5 4.2 3.8 3.5 3.1 2.8 2.4 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.07 7.5 7.1 6.7 6.4 6.0 5.6 5.2 4.9 4.5 4.1 3.7 3.4 3.0 2.6 2.2 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.08 8.0 7.6 7.2 6.8 6.4 6.0 5.6 5.2 4.8 4.4 4.0 3.6 3.2 2.8 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.09 8.6 8.2 7.7 7.3 6.9 6.4 6.0 5.6 5.2 4.7 4.3 3.9 3.4 3.0 2.6 2.4 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.1 0.9 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.010 9.2 8.7 8.3 7.8 7.3 6.9 6.4 6.0 5.5 5.1 4.6 4.1 3.7 3.2 2.8 2.5 2.3 2.1 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.2 0.011 9.8 9.3 8.8 8.3 7.9 7.4 6.9 6.4 5.9 5.4 4.9 4.4 3.9 3.4 2.9 2.7 2.5 2.2 2.0 1.7 1.5 1.2 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.2 0.012 10.5 10.0 9.4 8.9 8.4 7.9 7.3 6.8 6.3 5.8 5.2 4.7 4.2 3.7 3.1 2.9 2.7 2.4 2.1 1.8 1.6 1.3 1.0 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.013 11.2 10.6 10.1 9.5 9.0 8.4 7.8 7.3 6.7 6.2 5.6 5.0 4.5 3.9 3.4 3.1 2.8 2.5 2.2 2.0 1.7 1.4 1.1 0.8 0.6 0.3 0.014 12.0 11.4 10.8 10.2 9.6 9.0 8.4 7.8 7.2 6.6 6.0 5.4 4.8 4.2 3.6 3.3 3.0 2.7 2.4 2.1 1.8 1.5 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.3 0.015 12.8 12.1 11.5 10.8 10.2 9.6 8.9 8.3 7.7 7.0 6.4 5.7 5.1 4.5 3.8 3.5 3.2 2.9 2.6 2.2 1.9 1.6 1.3 1.0 0.6 0.3 0.016 13.6 12.9 12.2 11.6 10.9 10.2 9.5 8.8 8.2 7.5 6.8 6.1 5.4 4.8 4.1 3.7 3.4 3.1 2.7 2.4 2.0 1.7 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.3 0.017 14.5 13.8 13.1 12.3 11.6 10.9 10.2 9.4 8.7 8.0 7.3 6.5 5.8 5.1 4.4 4.0 3.6 3.3 2.9 2.5 2.2 1.8 1.5 1.1 0.7 0.4 0.018 15.4 14.7 13.9 13.1 12.4 11.6 10.8 10.0 9.3 8.5 7.7 7.0 6.2 5.4 4.6 4.2 3.9 3.5 3.1 2.7 2.3 1.9 1.5 1.2 0.8 0.4 0.019 16.4 15.6 14.8 14.0 13.2 12.3 11.5 10.7 9.9 9.0 8.2 7.4 6.6 5.8 4.9 4.5 4.1 3.7 3.3 2.9 2.5 2.1 1.6 1.2 0.8 0.4 0.020 17.5 16.6 15.8 14.9 14.0 13.1 12.3 11.4 10.5 9.6 8.8 7.9 7.0 6.1 5.3 4.8 4.4 3.9 3.5 3.1 2.6 2.2 1.8 1.3 0.9 0.4 0.021 18.6 17.7 16.8 15.8 14.9 14.0 13.0 12.1 11.2 10.2 9.3 8.4 7.4 6.5 5.6 5.1 4.7 4.2 3.7 3.3 2.8 2.3 1.9 1.4 0.9 0.5 0.022 19.8 18.8 17.8 16.8 15.8 14.8 13.9 12.9 11.9 10.9 9.9 8.9 7.9 6.9 5.9 5.4 4.9 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.023 21.0 20.0 18.9 17.9 16.8 15.8 14.7 13.7 12.6 11.6 10.5 9.5 8.4 7.4 6.3 5.8 5.3 4.7 4.2 3.7 3.2 2.6 2.1 1.6 1.1 0.5 0.024 22.3 21.2 20.1 19.0 17.9 16.8 15.6 14.5 13.4 12.3 11.2 10.1 8.9 7.8 6.7 6.1 5.6 5.0 4.5 3.9 3.4 2.8 2.2 1.7 1.1 0.6 0.025 23.7 22.5 21.3 20.2 19.0 17.8 16.6 15.4 14.2 13.0 11.9 10.7 9.5 8.3 7.1 6.5 5.9 5.3 4.7 4.2 3.6 3.0 2.4 1.8 1.2 0.6 0.026 25.2 23.9 22.7 21.4 20.1 18.9 17.6 16.4 15.1 13.8 12.6 11.3 10.1 8.8 7.6 6.9 6.3 5.7 5.0 4.4 3.8 3.1 2.5 1.9 1.3 0.6 0.027 26.7 25.4 24.0 22.7 21.4 20.0 18.7 17.4 16.0 14.7 13.3 12.0 10.7 9.3 8.0 7.3 6.7 6.0 5.3 4.7 4.0 3.3 2.7 2.0 1.3 0.7 0.028 28.3 26.9 25.5 24.1 22.6 21.2 19.8 18.4 17.0 15.6 14.2 12.7 11.3 9.9 8.5 7.8 7.1 6.4 5.7 5.0 4.2 3.5 2.8 2.1 1.4 0.7 0.029 30.0 28.5 27.0 25.5 24.0 22.5 21.0 19.5 18.0 16.5 15.0 13.5 12.0 10.5 9.0 8.2 7.5 6.7 6.0 5.2 4.5 3.7 3.0 2.2 1.5 0.7 0.030 31.8 30.2 28.6 27.0 25.4 23.8 22.2 20.7 19.1 17.5 15.9 14.3 12.7 11.1 9.5 8.7 7.9 7.2 6.4 5.6 4.8 4.0 3.2 2.4 1.6 0.8 0.031 33.7 32.0 30.3 28.6 26.9 25.2 23.6 21.9 20.2 18.5 16.8 15.1 13.5 11.8 10.1 9.3 8.4 7.6 6.7 5.9 5.0 4.2 3.4 2.5 1.7 0.8 0.032 35.6 33.8 32.1 30.3 28.5 26.7 24.9 23.2 21.4 19.6 17.8 16.0 14.2 12.5 10.7 9.8 8.9 8.0 7.1 6.2 5.3 4.5 3.6 2.7 1.8 0.9 0.033 37.7 35.8 33.9 32.0 30.2 28.3 26.4 24.5 22.6 20.7 18.8 17.0 15.1 13.2 11.3 10.4 9.4 8.5 7.5 6.6 5.7 4.7 3.8 2.8 1.9 0.9 0.034 39.9 37.9 35.9 33.9 31.9 29.9 27.9 25.9 23.9 21.9 19.9 17.9 15.9 14.0 12.0 11.0 10.0 9.0 8.0 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.035 42.1 40.0 37.9 35.8 33.7 31.6 29.5 27.4 25.3 23.2 21.1 19.0 16.9 14.7 12.6 11.6 10.5 9.5 8.4 7.4 6.3 5.3 4.2 3.2 2.1 1.1 0.036 44.5 42.3 40.1 37.9 35.6 33.4 31.2 28.9 26.7 24.5 22.3 20.0 17.8 15.6 13.4 12.2 11.1 10.0 8.9 7.8 6.7 5.6 4.5 3.3 2.2 1.1 0.037 47.0 44.7 42.3 40.0 37.6 35.3 32.9 30.6 28.2 25.9 23.5 21.2 18.8 16.5 14.1 12.9 11.8 10.6 9.4 8.2 7.1 5.9 4.7 3.5 2.4 1.2 0.038 49.7 47.2 44.7 42.2 39.7 37.3 34.8 32.3 29.8 27.3 24.8 22.4 19.9 17.4 14.9 13.7 12.4 11.2 9.9 8.7 7.5 6.2 5.0 3.7 2.5 1.2 0.039 52.4 49.8 47.2 44.6 42.0 39.3 36.7 34.1 31.5 28.8 26.2 23.6 21.0 18.4 15.7 14.4 13.1 11.8 10.5 9.2 7.9 6.6 5.2 3.9 2.6 1.3 0.040 55.3 52.6 49.8 47.0 44.3 41.5 38.7 36.0 33.2 30.4 27.7 24.9 …