09-14-2009, MondayDatabase PlanningDatabase System DefinitionIntegrating user viewsDBMS SelectionSlide 6Weighted Factor Scoring ModelSelecting a DBMSCASE ToolsSlide 10CASECRUD MatrixPrototypesFact FindingFact-Finding TechniquesDocumentsInterviewsInterview: Advantage/DisadvantagePhases in an InterviewPreparing for an InterviewConducting an InterviewPost InterviewObservationAdv./Dis. Of ObservationResearchQuestionnairesSlide 27JAD or Group InterviewDeliverablesEnd of LectureCS 8630 Database Administration, Dr. Guimaraes09-14-2009, MondayClassWill Start Momentarily…CS8630Dr. Mario GuimaraesDatabase Planning, Selecting DBMS, Case Tools and Fact FindingCS 8630 Database Administration, Dr. GuimaraesDatabase PlanningDatabase planning should include development of standards that govern:how data will be collected, how the format should be specified, what necessary documentation will be needed,how design and implementation should proceed.Main Stages: Conceptual: defining the info. Without worrying about a model, Logical: convert to tables without worrying about how it is stored, Physical: how data is stored: int, varchar, float, etc.CS 8630 Database Administration, Dr. GuimaraesDatabase System DefinitionDescribes scope and boundaries of database application and the major user views. •User view defines what is required of a database application from perspective of:– a particular job role (such as Manager or Supervisor) or –enterprise application area (such as marketing, personnel, or stock control).CS 8630 Database Administration, Dr. GuimaraesIntegrating user viewsCS 8630 Database Administration, Dr. GuimaraesDBMS SelectionCS 8630 Database Administration, Dr. GuimaraesDBMS Selection•Volume Estimates•Data Usage: entered, retrieved, deleted, updated•Response Time Requirements•Requirements for security, backup, recovery,retention, integrityScalabilityInteraction with other systemsExisting platforms ?Need to run in specific OS ?CS 8630 Database Administration, Dr. GuimaraesWeighted Factor Scoring ModelCS 8630 Database Administration, Dr. GuimaraesSelecting a DBMS•http://www.dbmsmag.com/9607d11.html•http://www.craigsmullins.com/dbta_010.htmEnterprise, Departmental, Personal or Mobile ?Examples of DBMS Mobile: Oracle Lite, Sybase’s UltralitePersonal: MS-Access, Filemaker ProDepartmental: MySQL, POSTGRES, MS-SQL Server,Sybase, INFORMIX (possibly enterprise also)Enterprise: Oracle, DB2, MS-SQL Server,CS 8630 Database Administration, Dr. GuimaraesCASE Tools•COMPUTER AIDED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING (CASE)Example: write in QBE, code comes out in SQL.•Support provided by CASE tools include:–- data dictionary to store information about database application’s data;–- design tools to support data analysis;–- tools to permit development of corporate data model, and conceptual and logical data models;–- tools to enable prototyping of applications.CS 8630 Database Administration, Dr. GuimaraesCS 8630 Database Administration, Dr. GuimaraesCASE•Provide following benefits:–standards; –integration;–support for standard methods;–consistency;–automation .–Quick prototypes, good for learning•Problems- Lack of Integration between high end andlow end case.-Not always good for modifying-May lack flexibility- Silver bullet syndromeCS 8630 Database Administration, Dr. GuimaraesCRUD MatrixHow much will a CASE tool accelerate the construction of each of these Forms/Programs below ?CS 8630 Database Administration, Dr. GuimaraesPrototypes•Building working model of a database application.•Purpose–to identify features of a system that work well, or are inadequate;–to suggest improvements or even new features;–to clarify the users’ requirements;–to evaluate feasibility of a particular system design.CS 8630 Database Administration, Dr. GuimaraesFact Finding•Formal process of using techniques such as interviews and questionnaires to collect facts about systems, requirements, and preferences.CS 8630 Database Administration, Dr. GuimaraesFact-Finding Techniques•Database developer normally uses several fact-finding techniques during a single database project including: –examining documentation,–interviewing,–Group interview, JAD–observing organization in operation,–research,–questionnaires.Which method above is the most commonly used ?CS 8630 Database Administration, Dr. GuimaraesDocumentsCS 8630 Database Administration, Dr. GuimaraesInterviews•Most commonly used, and normally most useful, fact-finding technique. •Enables collection of information from individuals face-to-face.•Objectives include finding out facts, verifying facts, clarifying facts, generating enthusiasm, getting end-user involved, identifying requirements, and gathering ideas and opinions.CS 8630 Database Administration, Dr. GuimaraesInterview: Advantage/DisadvantageCS 8630 Database Administration, Dr. GuimaraesPhases in an Interview•Selecting Interviewees: who to interview•Designing Interview Questions: open ended, closed ended questions, etc.•Preparing for the Interview•Conducting the Interview•Post-Interview Follow-upCS 8630 Database Administration, Dr. GuimaraesPreparing for an Interview•Prepare General Interview Plan–List of Question–Anticipated Answers and Follow-Ups•Confirm Areas of Knowledge•Set Priorities in Case of Time Shortage•Prepare the Interviewee–Schedule–Inform of Reason for Interview–Inform of Areas of DiscussionCS 8630 Database Administration, Dr. GuimaraesConducting an Interview•Appear professional and unbiased•Record all information•Check on organizational policy regarding tape recording•Be sure you understand all issues and terms•Separate facts from opinions•Give interviewee time to ask questions•Be sure to thank the interviewee•End on time•Tips: Don’t Worry, Be Happy, Pay Attention, Summarize Key Points, Be Succinct, Be Honest, Watch Body LanguageCS 8630 Database Administration, Dr. GuimaraesPost Interview•Prepare Interview Notes•Prepare Interview Report•Look for Gaps and New QuestionsCS 8630 Database Administration, Dr. GuimaraesObservation•Effective technique for understanding system. •Possible to participate in, or watch, a person perform activities to learn about system. •Useful when validity of data collected is in question or when complexity of certain aspects of system prevents clear explanation by end-users. Example: studying how a student learns through VERBAL PROTOCOLS.CS 8630