3.4.1 An expression language3.4.2 Primitive data types3.4.3 Node values and expressions3.4.4 Sequences3.4.5 Path expressions and relationship to XPath3.4.6 Iterating over sequences3.4.7 Functions3.4.8 Sorting and context3.4.9Type specificationKENNESAW STATE UNIVERSITYDepartment of Computer ScienceCS8630-Database AdministrationXMLResearch PaperByVeena SinghJuly 6, 20041TABLE of CONTENTS1 What is XML?......................................................................................................................................31.1 Advantages of XML……………………………………………………………………..41.2 Overview of XML……………………………………………………………………….41.2.1 XML declaration…………………………………………………………….51.2.2 Elements…………………………………………….………………………51.2.3 Attributes…………………………….………………....................................51.2.4 Entity references………………….………………………………………….51.2.5 Comments…………………………………………………………………...61.2.6 CDATA section……………………………………………………………..61.2.7 Processing instructions………………………………………………………61.2.8 Ordering……………………………………………………………………..61.3 Document Type Definitions (DTDs)……………………………………………….……71.3.1 Element type declaration………………………….…....................................71.3.2 Attribute list declarations…………………………………………………....81.3.3 Examples………………………………………………………………….…91.3.4 Entity and notation declarations……………………………………….……101.3.5 Sample DTD………………………………………………………………...111.3.6 Document validity…………………………………………………………..112 XML-Related Technologies………………………………………………………………………….122.1 Document Object Model (DOM)………………………………………………………..122.2 SAX (Simple API for XML)…………………………………………………………….122.3 Namespaces………………………………………………………...................................122.4 XSL………………………………………………………………………………………132.5 XPointer………………………………………………………………………………….142.6 XLink…………………………………………………………………………………….152.7 XHTML………………………………………………………………………………….152.8 XML Schema…………………………………………………………………………….152.8.1 Simple and complex types…………………………………………………..152.8.2 Cardinality…………………………………………………………………..162.8.3 References……………………………………………...................................162.8.4 Defining new types………………………………………………………….172.8.5 Groups……………………………………………………………………….172.8.6 Choice and all compositors………………………………………………….182.8.7 Lists………………………………………………………………………….182.8.8 Union…………………………………………………...................................192.8.9 Contraints……………………………………………………………………192.9 Resource Description Framework………………………………………………………..213 XML Query Languages……………………………………………………………………………….223.1 XML Query Working Group…………………………………………………………….223.2 XML Query Data Model………………………………………………………………....233.3 XML Query Algebra…………………………………………..…………………………263.3.1 Projection………………………………………….……………………..….273.3.2 Iteration………………………………………………………………...……283.3.3 Selection……………………………………………..………………………293.3.4 Join…………………………………………………..……………………....293.3.5 Sorting……………………………………………………………………….313.3.6 Aggregation………………………………………………………………….313.4 XQuery…………………………………………………………………………………..323.4.1 An expression language……………………………………………………..323.4.2 Primitive data types……………………………………................................323.4.3 Node value and expressions………………………………………………...333.4.4 Sequences…………………………………………………………………...333.4.5 Path expressions and relationship to XPath……………...............................343.4.6 Iterating over sequences…………………………………………………….353.4.7 Functions…………………………………………………………………....363.4.8 Sorting and context…………………………………………………………373.49 Type specification…………………………………………………………...37REFERENCES…………………………………………………………………………………………3921 What is XML? XML (eXtensible Markup Language) was developed only as recently as 1998 by the W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) as a means of specifying an easy-to-use and easy-to-read standard that allows the exchange of data across different hardware, database, andother software platforms all over the world. As a technology, it
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