CHEM 1120 Edition 1nd Lecture 11 Outline of Last Lecture I Detection of Radioactivity a Scintillation counter b Radiotracers c PET imaging d Applications of Ionizing Radiation II Energy Changes in Nuclear Reactions a Radioactive decay b Nuclear fission c Nuclear fusion d The mass defect e Nuclear binding energies f Fission and Fusion g MeV III Nuclear Power Fission a Subcritical b Critical mass c Supercritical These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute d Controlled vs uncontrolled IV V Nuclear Power Fusion Radiation in the Environment and Living Systems a Excitation b Ionization Outline of Current Lecture I Radiation Units and Doses a Gray Gy b Rad c Sievert Sv d Rem e Radon Rn II Begin Chapter 16 Acids and Bases Not on Exam 1 III Acids and Bases A brief review a Arrhenius acid and base definition IV Bronsted Lowry Acid Base Definition a Conjugate Base Pairs b Strong Acids and Bases Current Lecture I Radiation Units and Doses a 1 gray Gy 1 J kg of tissue SI b 1 rad 1 x 10 2 J kg of tissue c Not all forms of radiation cause equivalent harm multiplication by relative biological effectiveness RBE i 1 sievert Sv 1 gray RBE ii 1 rem 1 rad RBE d Radon Rn i ii iii iv II III IV Product of nuclear disintegration series of Uranium 238 Continually produced as uranium in rocks and soil decays Radon is a noble gas unreactive Has short half life and alpha particles have a high RBE inhaled radon has been linked to lung cancer v US EPA recommends that radon 222 levels not exceed 4pCi per liter of air in homes Begin Chapter 16 Acids and Bases Not on exam 1 Acids and Bases A Brief Review a 3 Levels Arrhenius Bronsted Lewis goes from narrowest to broadest theory b Arrhenius acid substance that directly yields H ions when dissolved in water c Arrhenius base a substance that directly yields OH ions when dissolved in water d Missing the role of water look to Bronsted Lowry theory Bronsted Lowry Acid Base Definition a Acid proton donor any species which donates a H b Base proton acceptor any species which accepts a H c Conjugate acid base pair 2 species whose formulas differ by a single H i Conjugate acid a species with one more H than its conjugate base ii Conjugate base a species with on fewer H than its conjugate acid d Strong acids are strong electrolytes disassociate 100 in water i Weak acids are weak electrolytes do not completely disassociate in water ii Some substances have negligible acidity in water negligible acidity conjugate bases are exceedingly strong iii The stronger an acid the weaker its conjugate base and vise versa e Common strong acids HCl HBr HI HClO3 HClO4 HNO3 H2SO4 f Common strong bases hydroxides of Group 1A metals and Heavy Group 2A metals g How do you know which is stronger i Strong acid weak conjugate base
View Full Document
Unlocking...