VLANsWho are we?VLAN - Brief IntroductionVLAN IntroductionSlide 5VLAN HistorySlide 7VLAN BackgroundSlide 9Slide 10Slide 11Single-Switch VLANSlide 13Single-Switch VLAN cont.Port-based VLANs (layer-1 VLANs)MAC-based VLANs (layer-2 VLANs)Multi-Switch VLANMulti Switch ApproachLayer 3Layer 4IEEE 802.1QVLAN BenefitsBenefitsSlide 24VLAN DrawbacksDrawbacksVLANsVirtual Local Area NetworksBA 479Who are we?Ryan WinklepleckSenior, Business, MIS, this ‘boy wonder’ is 21-years-old and still figuring out post-college life, possibly the circus is hiring?Kameel HusainSenior, Business, MIS, would like to work with graphic designs and databases. Likes milk, bones are as strong as antimantium, cage fighter.Rob JerandSenior, Business, MIS, always up for kegstands and dollar beers, enjoys running from the Cops, giving beer cans to the bums, and my future consists of either being a janitor at Microsoft, or live in my parent’s basement and do nothing.Andrew Grill Jr. IIIBats: R, Throws: R, Avg: .405, RBI: 132, HR: 59, Triple Crown MVP, after a gamma blast accident, you don’t want to see him when he’s angry. Business, MIS, accounting intern at weyerhaeuser and plans to work there in the future.VLAN - Brief IntroductionFive W’s and an H…VLAN IntroductionWhat?“Networks in which computers are assigned to LAN segments by software rather than by hardware.”Who?UsWhy?Often faster, while providing greater opportunities to manage the flow of traffic on the LAN and Backbone Network (BN) in comparison to traditional LAN and routed BN architectures.VLAN IntroductionWhere?Hosting Centers and Ethernet Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)When?Due to their complexity, usually only used for large networks.And the H …VLAN HistoryThought it was going to be How?VLAN HistoryFirst Products: Segmentable SwitchesAllows creation of two or more virtual switches from a single switch.Assigning individual ports to a specific virtual switch.First products allowed switching of multiple segments on a single switch, as well as offering a monetary advantage over switched Ethernet ports which cost $700 or more at the time.VLAN BackgroundHowever, VLAN Backwards would be NALV…VLAN BackgroundLocal Area Networks (LAN)Generally defined as a broadcast domain.“Hubs, bridges, or switches on the same physical segment or segments connect end node devices”A router is not needed for end nodes on the same LAN segment to communicate with each other.However a router is necessary for these devices to communicate with devices on other LAN segments.VLAN BackgroundTo the left, a LAN environment connected by routersDrawback:Routers add latency that delays the transmission of dataSolution?Switched NetworkVLAN BackgroundTo the right, a LAN environment connected by switches.Speed and latency advantages.Drawback:All end nodes (or hosts) are in same broadcast domain, which adds to the network a significant amount of traffic that is seen by all hosts.Solution?Switched Network w/VLANsSingle-Switch VLANSingle-Switch VLANThe VLAN operates only inside one switch.Computers, dozens or even hundreds, on the VLAN are connected into this switch and assigned by software into different VLAN segments.VLAN segments act as though they are connected to the same physical switch or hub.Single-Switch VLAN cont.It’s possible to have one computer only in a VLAN. (Servers) Four ways in which computers attached to a VLAN can be assigned to specific VLANs inside them …:1. Port-based VLANs (layer-1 VLANs)2. MAC-based VLANs (layer-2 VLANs)3. IP-based VLANs (layer-3 VLANS)4. Application-based VLANs (layer-4 or policy-based VLANS)Port-based VLANs (layer-1 VLANs)Uses physical layer port number on the front of the VLAN switch to assign computers to VLAN segments.All computers are physically cabled into a specific port on the VLAN switch.A software is used to instruct the switch as to which ports are assigned to which VLAN.MAC-based VLANs (layer-2 VLANs)Uses data link layer address or physical address to form VLANs.A software is used to instruct the switch as to which incoming data link layer addresses are assigned to which VLAN segment.Easier to manage than Port-based.Multi-Switch VLANMulti Switch ApproachLayer 3Layer 4IEEE 802.1QLayer 3Network layerserves as the backbone for network traffic going across different VLANs. provides logical routing interfaces to VLANs on Layer 2 switches. A traditional network requires a physical interface from a router to a switch to perform inter VLAN routing.Layer 4Transport LayerDecides on where to send the packets. sends incoming packets to one or more machines which are hidden behind a single IP address.IEEE 802.1Qallows multiple bridged networks to transparently share the same physical network link without leaking informationVLAN BenefitsWhat is Yreka Bakery spelled backwards?BenefitsPerformanceVLANs can reduce sending traffic to unnecessary destinationsFormation of Virtual WorkgroupsSegment sections of business (marketing, accounting, etc) by VLANDrawback – distance in physical location, centralized server farmsSimplified AdministrationAdding, changing, moving user accounts no new reconfiguration of hubs/routers necessaryBenefitsReduce CostsVLANs can be used to create broadcast domains which can eliminate cost of expensive routersSecurityKeep information restricted to only users who need accessCan control boadcast domains, set up firewalls and moreVLAN DrawbacksDrawbacksCostsPurchasing additional hardwareMay need to hire new employee to manage Misc.New users may encounter new problems they are not familiar withIf users are located on different floors of a building common resources (such as a printer) could be in inconvenient