UK MA 111 - 14 Descriptive Statistics

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PowerPoint PresentationSlide 2Slide 3Slide 4Slide 5Slide 6Slide 7Slide 8Excursions in Modern Mathematics, 7e: 14.Conclusion - 2Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.14 Descriptive StatisticsCONCLUSIONExcursions in Modern Mathematics, 7e: 14.Conclusion - 3Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Whether we like it or not, as we navigate through life in the information age, we are awash in a sea of data. Today, data are the common currency of scientific, social, and economic discourse. Powerful satellites constantly scan our planet, collecting prodigious amounts of weather, geological, and geographical data. Government agencies, such as the Bureau of the Census and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, collect millions of numbers a year about our living, working, spending, and dying habits.Themes of Chapter 14Excursions in Modern Mathematics, 7e: 14.Conclusion - 4Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Even in our less serious pursuits, such as sports, we are flooded with data, not all of it great.Faced with the common problem of data overload, statisticians and scientists have devised many ingenious ways to organize, display, and summarize large amounts of data.In this chapter we discussed some of the basic concepts in this area of statistics. Themes of Chapter 14Excursions in Modern Mathematics, 7e: 14.Conclusion - 5Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Graphical summaries of data can be produced by bar graphs, pictograms, pie charts, histograms, and so on. (There are many other types of graphical descriptions that we did not discuss in the chapter.) The kind of graph that is the most appropriate for a situation depends on many factors,and creating a good “picture” of a data set is as much an art as a science.Themes of Chapter 14Excursions in Modern Mathematics, 7e: 14.Conclusion - 6Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Numerical summaries of data, when properly used, help us understand the overall pattern of a data set without getting bogged down in the details. They fall into two categories:(1) measures of location, such as the average, the median, and the quartiles, and (2) measures of spread, such as the range, the interquartile range, and the standard deviation.Themes of Chapter 14Excursions in Modern Mathematics, 7e: 14.Conclusion - 7Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Sometimes we even combine numerical summaries and graphical displays, as in the case of the box plot. We touched upon all of these in this chapter ,but the subject is a big one, and by necessity we only scratched the surface.Themes of Chapter 14Excursions in Modern Mathematics, 7e: 14.Conclusion - 8Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.In this day and age, we are all consumers of data, and at one time or another, we are likely to be providers of data as well. Thus, understanding the basics of how data are organized and summarized has become an essential requirement for personal success and good citizenship.Themes of Chapter


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