Reporting results: APA styleAnnouncementsSlide 3Why present your research?Misconceptions about Scientific writingWhy a structured format?Writing resourcesSlide 8Writing styleMajor goal: ClaritySlide 11Slide 12Slide 13Slide 14APA style: Parts of a research reportTitle PageSlide 17Slide 18Slide 19Slide 20AbstractBodySlide 23Slide 24Slide 25Slide 26Slide 27Slide 28Slide 29Slide 30Slide 31The restSlide 33Figures and tablesChecklist - things to watch forSlide 36Next timeReporting results: APA stylePsych 231: Research Methods in PsychologyAnnouncementsJournal Summary assignment 1 due in labs this weekNairne, J. S., Pandeirada, J. N. S., & Thompson, S. R. (2008).Bring your textbook (or APA style manual if you’ve got one) to lab this week (using chapter 16 on APA style)Reporting results: APA styleWhy present your research?To get the work out thereTo offer readers an interpretation your data (and perhaps persuade them to believe your theory)To allow testing (falsification) of your theoryTo spur further researchTo allow replicationMisconceptions about Scientific writingWriting the paper is the routine part of the research processForces you to commit to your evidence and conclusionsJust the factsThe facts are just part of the argument that the author is makingWhat you say is all that is important, how you say it isn’t importantGood writing leads to higher chance of accomplishing your goalsWhy a structured format?To ease communication of what was doneForces a minimal amount of informationProvides a logical framework (for argument)Provides consistent format within a discipline•People know what to expect•Where to find the information in the articleAllows readers to cross-reference your sources easilyWriting resourcesThe ultimate resource for APA style is the APA Publication manualChapter 16 of your textbook is good too.Also websites to help too. “APA style” - Google hits 1,970,000 - added “5th edition” 139,000 hitsWriting resourcesA great book for Psychological writingSternberg, R. J. (2003). The psychologist’s companion: A guide to scientific writing for students and researchers. Cambridge University Press, NY.Writing stylePsychological writing tends to differ from other academic writings•Not a creative writing exercise•Presenting an argument based on data and logical reasoning•Try to avoid using direct quotes, restate things in your own words. •Avoid digression•Footnotes are rare, they’re used to elaborate/clarify a point. Try to do so in the text.•If long digressions, use the appendixMajor goal: ClarityCommunicate with clarityMajor goal: ClarityCommunicate with clarityMajor goal: ClarityCommunicate with clarityWrite for the reader•Think about your audience, what do they already know, what don’t they knowAvoid overstatements•Be conservative in your claimsEmphasize the positive•Focus on how the data supports a theory not just on how it refutes another theoryMajor goal: ClarityCommunicate with clarityAvoid•Jargon when possible•Slang and colloquialisms•Sexist and biased languageTry to be concise •Don’t use a whole paragraph when two sentences will do•Longer papers don’t mean better papers•Eliminate unnecessary redundancy•Use simple words (sentences) rather than complicated words (sentences)Major goal: ClarityUse concrete words and examplesCheck your work!•Read it over, make sure that you say what you mean to sayUse a consistent format (APA style)•It helps your reader understand your arguments and the sources they’re built on. •It also helps you keep track of your sources as you build argumentsCommunicate with clarityAPA style: Parts of a research report•Title Page Adolescent Depression 1Running Head: ADOLESCENT DEPRESSION Adolescent Depression and AttachmentIma G. Student and Soyam EyePurdue University• Abstract Adolescent Depression 2We explored attachment in a family context by applying family systems principles to the investigation of multiple attachment relationships within families. This study focused on maternal adult attachment with respect to family of origin experiences. We examined associations between maternal adult attachment and three levels of family functioning including individual maternal depression symptoms, dyadic marital satisfaction and family unit functioning. We found that attachment security with respect to particular relationships was differentially associated with different levels of family functioning. QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressorare needed to see this picture.QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressorare needed to see this picture.QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressorare needed to see this picture.QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressorare needed to see this picture.• Body• References• Authors Notes• Footnotes• Tables• Figure Captions• Figures Adolescent Depression 29 References Barnett, P. A., & Gotlib, I. H. (1988). Psychosocial functioning and depression: Distinguishing among antecedents, concomitants, and consequences. Psychological Bulletin, 104. Beck, A. T. (1978). Beck Depression Inventory. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation. Benoit, D., Vidovic, D., & Roman, J. (1991, April). Transmission of attachment across three generations. Paper presented at the Biennial Meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development. Benoit, D., Zeanah, C. H., & Barton, M. L. (1989). Maternal attachment disturbances in failure to thrive. Infant Mental Health Journal, 3, 185-202. Benoit, D., Zeanah, C. H., Boucher, C., & Minde, K. (1989). Sleep disorders in early childhood: Association with insecure maternal attachment. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, 86-93.Adolescent Depression 1 Running Head: ADOLESCENT DEPRESSION Adolescent Depression and AttachmentIma G. Student and Soyam EyePurdue UniversityTitle PageTitle should be maximally informative while short (10 to 12 words recommended)Title Page Adolescent Depression 1 Running Head: ADOLESCENT DEPRESSION Adolescent Depression and AttachmentIma G. Student and Soyam EyePurdue UniversityOrder of Authorship sometimes carries