CHEM 106 1nd Edition Lecture 6Outline of Last Lecture I. RingsII. Alkenes + AlkynesIII. isomersIV. Aromatic CompoundsOutline of Current Lecture II. Alcohols + EthersIII. Carbonyl Containing functional groupsIV. Aldehydes + KetonesV. EstersVI. AmidesVII. PolymersCurrent LectureChapter 13: Organic Chemistry (continued)13.6 Alcohols + EthersAlcohol R-OHEx: CH3OH Methanol ethanol 1-propanolAll miscible with H2O 1-octanol solubility: 0.05g/100 ml H2O“like dissolves like”Oil like tail eventually control solubility when it is long enough (10.4)Methanol – wood alcohol ethanol – grian alcoholEthanol 10% (common) but also 15% - gasoline additive, burns more clearly-lower ΔH for combustionEther somewhat polar, can hydrogen bond to H of H2O13.7 Carbonyl containing functional groups DipoleAldehydes + KetonesAldehyde Ketone Carboxylic Acids (both of ↑ together) -oic acidReaction Weak acid Ethanoic AcidAcetic acid – vinegarEx: oxalic acid methanoic acid(Formic acid)Esters (most complicated)ReactionSynthesis (condensation reacition): Acid + alcohol → ester + H2OHydrolysis (reverse of synthesis)*be able to predict which alcohol + acid combine to make a particular ester-many esters have fruit odorsEx: methyl butanoateWhat are the products of the hydrolysis of aspirin?AmidesAcid + Amide ↔ Amide + H2OPolymersPolyesters + polyamidesPolyester – condensation polymer PET Dacron (in plastic water bottles)Copolymer - equal moles of 2 different monomers -continue adding alternating monomersPolyester with a single monomer with 2 different functional groupsPolyamidesSimilar strategy2 different monomers, each with only 1 kind of functional groupNylon
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