MUSC 201 1st Edition Lecture 1 Outline of Last Lecture I. Review syllabus. Outline of Current Lecture II. PitchA. Register1. IntervalB. Scale1. Melody2. HarmonyIII. DurationA. RhythmB. TempoC. MeterIV. DynamicsV. TimbreVI. Other TermsA. FormB. GenreC. NotationCurrent LectureThe Elements of Music: Musical TermsI. PitchA. Sound is created through vibrations.1. small, thin, short objects  high pitch2. large, thick, long objects  low pitchB. A= 440 cycles/second1. If there is a mathematic proportion (4:1, 2:1), two notes will sound consonant. C. Some cultures name their pitch names differently.D. Register: range- high, medium, low1. Interval: distance in pitch between two notesa. unison m2 M2 m3 M3 TT P4 P5 m6 M6 m7 M7 octavei. 1,1- unisonE. Scale: a system of pitch organization- a series of whole and half stepsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.1. Pitch Namesa. do re mi fa so la ti doi. These are also referred to as solfege.b. A B C D E F G2. Major- Minor- Modal- Pentatonic- Whole Tone- Raga- Twelve-Tonea. Pentatonic means using only the black notes.i. ex. “Amazing Grace”3. Melody: horizontal organization of pitches- Notes sound one after the othera. synonym: tune4. Harmony: vertical organization of pitch- Two or more notes sound at the same time.a. Chord: 3 or more simultaneous soundsi. Tonic (I)- 1,3,5ii. Dominant (V)- 2,4,6iii. Subdominant (IV)- 5,7,2iv. Roman numerals are short hand for musicians.b. Arpeggio: one note at a timec. Triad- 3 notes togetherII. Duration (time)A. the length of notes and restsB. Rhythm: combinations of patterns of duration1. most appealing about music2. most basic aspectC. Tempo: rate of speed of music1. A lot of pieces only have titles based upon their tempo.2. Slowa. grave- largo- adagio3. Walkinga. andante- moderato4. Fasta. allegro- vivace- prestoi. With “vivace,” think of “vivacious.”5. Changes in Tempoa. accelerando (to speed up)- ritardando (to slow)- rubato (flexible; go back and forth)D. Meter: organization of the beat into groups- patterns of strong and weak beats1. Meter Signaturesa. ex. 4 4b. The top number indicates how many beats are in a measure.c. The bottom number indicates how many quarter notes are in a measure.i. also indicates what kind of beat2. Think of conductors.3. Downbeat- upbeat- anacrusisa. “Upbeat” and “anacrusis” are interchangeable. i. They mean “whatever happens before 1.”III. DynamicsA. level of loudness (piano  forte)1. piano= soft, forte= loud, mezzo= mediuma. pp p mp mf f ff sfzB. depends on energy exerted into/onto objectC. The suffix –issimo means “very.”1. ex. pp: very soft, or softissimoD. Crescendo vs. Decrescendo (Diminuendo)1. Crescendo <a. increasing volume2. Decrescendo >a. decreasing volume IV. TimbreA. quality of sound, or tone colorV. Other TermsA. Form: shape, structure of a piece of musicB. Genre: type or category of musicC. Notation: the use of written or printed symbols to indicate musical soundVI. The ability to record music and play it back without the creator present is the greatest musical phenomenon of the 20th and 21st centuries.VII. Consonance vs. DissonanceA. Consonance: good sound1. Octaves (8ths) are best.a. best mathematical proportionB. Dissonance: bad sound1. 2nds and 7ths dissonant intervals2. will change over music historyVIII. Some style of music emphasizes rhythm, some melody, some harmony, and some all three.IX. Bar lines tell you how to group the notes.A. The distance between bar lines is called a