CS 268: Future Internet ArchitecturesKey QuestionHow to Answer this QuestionTusslesDesign PrinciplesModularize along Tussle BoundariesDesign for ChoiceDesign ImplicationsEconomicsExamplesTrustOpennessImportant Side DiscussionsInternet as Public UtilitySlide 15CS 268: Future Internet ArchitecturesIon StoicaApril 28, [email protected] 2Key QuestionHow can we as researchers/engineers influence the evolution of the Internet [email protected] 3How to Answer this QuestionUnderstand the new realities and try to predict where the Internet is heading to The two papers-The days when all players had a common goal are gone, and that the new environment where different players have often conflicting goals is here to stay-Internet should provide only one basic service: connectivity for which there is no business model, hence treat the Internet as a publicly supported & controlled [email protected] 4TusslesThe process by which players with different interests act to achieve those interestsAccept the reality that the players have often conflict interests and try to leverage or at least accommodate [email protected] 5Design PrinciplesDesign for variation in outcome not for a particular outcome-Modularize the design along tussle boundaries-Design for [email protected] 6Modularize along Tussle BoundariesFunctions that are within a tussle space should be logically separated from functions outside of that spaceExamples-DNS, [email protected] 7Design for ChoiceDesign protocols such that to allow parties to express preferences about the parties they interact withExamples-Mail [email protected] 8Design ImplicationsDesign open interfaces – allow different parties to compete providing the same interfaceDesirable properties of open interfaces-Visible exchange of value allow parties with compatible interests (e.g., provider/customer) to achieve equilibrium-Exposure of cost of choice allow parties to make “intelligent” choices -Visible (or not) of choices made realize that choices made public can be different from choices made in secret-Tools to isolate and resolve faults/[email protected] 9Economics Goal: create premises for investmentDrivers of investment: greedy and fear-Greedy: invest in the hope to maximize revenues-Fear driven by the competition, which in turn is driven by the ability of customers to have [email protected] 10ExamplesLock-in from IP addressing-Solution: made it easy for a host to change addresses and use multiple addressesValue pricing-Solution: aid consumers to bypass the controls of the producers Residential broadband access-Solution: design residential access facility that supports competition. Who is going to deploy this facility?Competitive wide area access-Solution: allow consumers to control the path of their packets at the level of providers. Need payment [email protected] 11TrustUsers should be able to choose with whom to interact, and the level of transparency they offer to other usersQuestion: who is controlling the policy? Users or network administrators? We cannot fully address this question but we should -Provide maximum flexibility to users in setting policies-Allow users to select third party entities to mediate the interaction (e.g., PKI)Recognize that technical solutions are note enough!-E.g., how to avoid [email protected] 12OpennessWe need to strive for open interfaces lead to competition, innovationIn Internet this means simple service, i.e., transparent packet carriage allow to deploy new protocols without having to modify the [email protected] 13Important Side DiscussionsMechanisms vs. policiesThe role of identityThe future of end-to-end [email protected] 14Internet as Public UtilityAssumption: Internet should provide basic connectivity no business model for thisConclusions/Solutions: -Evolve internet into a publicly supported & controlled utility (e.g., postal system, power grid distribution, public roads)-Grant monopoly subject to regulatory contracts•Universal service reach everyone•Common carriage common interface•No bundled [email protected]
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