Enst 201 Lecture 4 Outline of Last Lecture I Greenland II Other maladaptation III History of Population Growth Outline of Current Lecture I Causes for population growth II Demographic transition III Life of hunter gatherers IV Hunter gather society vs agricultural society V Fertility rates of Hunter gatherers vs agricultural VI Why did humans choose agriculture Current Lecture I Causes for population growth a Trading i Moved crops around the world 1 Example the potatoes that was imported to Northern Europe ii Trade led to specialization and megacities b Sanitation c Life expectancy increased II Demographic transition a Stage 1 High birth rate and high death rate b Stage 2 Birth rate high death rate goes down These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute i Better public health reduced death rate 1 Example of better public health getting sewage away from people ii Large scale hunger was slowly eradicated c Stage 3 Birth rate decreases death rate decreases i Medicine vaccines d Stage 4 Low birth and death rate i Developed countries III Life of hunter gatherers i Stereotype Life was nasty brutish and short ii Reality 1 Had a lot of leisure time work approximately 16 hours per week 2 Women were treated with greater respect IV Hunter gather society vs agricultural society i Average heights between hunter gathers and now differ 1 Hunter gathers were taller a Reason Hunter gathers had a healthier diet ii Leisure time disappeared in agricultural society iii Social stratification in agricultural society iv Inequality between males and females 1 Female were property of their father then husband v Agricultural society is sicklier 1 Population Density a Greater density aids the spread of disease 2 Domestication of animals V Fertility rates of Hunter gatherers vs agricultural a Strong correlation between when body fat jumps and when the first period occur i Hunter gatherers females were more lean so menarche was later 1 Fertility rate was lower and there was larger birth spacing VI Why did humans choose agriculture a Population pressure i Feedback dynamics 1 Initially started off as gardens b Climate i Stable climate people willing to take the risk to grow crops
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