Enst 201 Lecture 4Outline of Last Lecture I. GreenlandII. Other maladaptationIII. History of Population Growth Outline of Current Lecture I. Causes for population growthII. Demographic transitionIII. Life of hunter gatherers IV. Hunter-gather society vs. agricultural societyV. Fertility rates of Hunter-gatherers vs agricultural VI. Why did humans choose agriculture?Current LectureI. Causes for population growth a. Tradingi. Moved crops around the world 1. Example: the potatoes that was imported to Northern Europeii. Trade led to specialization and megacities b. Sanitation c. Life expectancy increased II. Demographic transitiona. Stage 1- High birth rate and high death rateb. Stage 2- Birth rate high, death rate goes downThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.i. Better public health reduced death rate1. Example of better public health- getting sewage away from peopleii. Large scale hunger was slowly eradicatedc. Stage 3- Birth rate decreases, death rate decreases i. Medicine- vaccines d. Stage 4- Low birth and death ratei. Developed countries III. Life of hunter gatherers i. Stereotype- Life was nasty, brutish, and shortii. Reality 1. Had a lot of leisure time – work approximately 16 hours per week2. Women were treated with greater respectIV. Hunter-gather society vs. agricultural societyi. Average heights between hunter-gathers and now differ1. Hunter-gathers were tallera. Reason: Hunter-gathers had a healthier diet ii. Leisure time disappeared in agricultural societyiii. Social stratification in agricultural societyiv. Inequality between males and females1. Female were property of their father then husbandv. Agricultural society is sicklier1. Population Densitya. Greater density aids the spread of disease 2. Domestication of animals V. Fertility rates of Hunter-gatherers vs agricultural a. Strong correlation between when body fat jumps and when the first period occuri. Hunter-gatherers females were more lean so menarche was later1. Fertility rate was lower and there was larger birth spacing VI. Why did humans choose agriculture?a. Population pressurei. Feedback dynamics 1. Initially started off as gardensb. Climate i. Stable climate= people willing to take the risk to grow
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