Biology 1441 SAMPLE FINAL COMPREHENSIVE EXAM Dr Chippindale This covers the whole course so you ll see lots of questions about material that we haven t covered yet Instructions Read each question carefully Mark each answer on your Scantron card AND circle the correct answer on your test paper Only one answer is correct for each question There are questions on both sides of the pages If anything is unclear ASK 1 Which of the following statements is FALSE a The element hydrogen consists of a single electron orbiting a single proton b An atom of carbon can form a maximum of four bonds with other atoms c When two atoms with equal electronegativity share a pair of electrons they are joined by a polar covalent bond d One mole of sodium chloride has the same number of molecules as one mole of DNA e An atom that has seven electrons in its valence shell will be more reactive than one with eight electrons in its valence shell 2 When a reversible reaction has reached chemical equilibrium a the reaction is finished b the reaction is halfway to completion c all reactants have been converted to products d net change in free energy of products and reactants is zero but bonds are still being made and broken e free energy of reactants has been maximized and bonds are still being made and broken 3 Water a has a high heat of vaporization and a low specific heat b has a high specific heat and a low heat of vaporization c is densest when frozen and least dense in gaseous form d has a high degree of surface tension and is less dense when frozen than when liquid e exhibits molecular cohesion and has a low specific heat 4 Solution X has a pH of 2 and solution Y has a pH of 4 This means that a Hydrogen ion concentration of solution X is half that of solution Y b Hydrogen ion concentration of solution X is 100 times that of solution Y c Hydrogen ion concentration of solution Y is half that of solution X d Hydrogen ion concentration of solution Y is 100 times that of solution X e Hydroxide ion concentration of solution X is twice that of solution Y 5 Which of the following statements is TRUE a Enzymes lower the activation energy of reactions b Enzymes cause reactions that otherwise could not occur to take place c Enzymes raise the activation energy of reactions 1 d Enzymes are synthesized in the nuclei of eukaryotic cells e Enzymes generally consist of a combination of DNA and proteins 6 Which of the following is smallest a typical plant cell b typical bacterium c chloroplast d protein e virus 7 Channels that allow the cytoplasm of one plant cell to contact that of another are called a gap junctions b plasmodesmata c tight junctions d cristae e microfilaments 8 Which of the following elements would you NOT find in a DNA molecule a phosphorus b sulfur c oxygen d hydrogen e nitrogen 9 A substance is at higher concentration inside a cell than outside but the cell continues to transport the substance in This must be a case of a osmosis b passive transport c facilitated diffusion d active transport e exocytosis 10 Of the following choices where in a eukaryotic cell would you be most likely to find DNA a vacuole b lysosome c mitochondrion d Golgi apparatus e ribosome 11 The second law of thermodynamics states that a The entropy of the universe is constantly decreasing b Energy can be created but never destroyed c Energy can be transformed or transferred but never created or destroyed d Energy can be created from entropy but the reverse is not possible e There is a continual increase in the entropy of the universe 12 Which of the following statements is TRUE a A saturated fat contains the maximum possible number of carbon carbon double bonds in its tail b Glucose is a pentose sugar c The major storage polysaccharide of plants is glycogen d Breakdown of a protein to amino acids is a catabolic process that involves hydrolysis reactions e The tertiary structure of a protein determines its structure at all other levels 13 If a plant cell were placed in a hypotonic solution the likeliest result would be a Water would rush in until further expansion of the cell membrane was limited by the cell wall b Water would rush out and the cell would shrivel up c Nothing would happen because movement of water across the cell wall is not possible d Nothing would happen because the interior of a plant cell is also hypotonic e Phagocytosis would occur 14 Which of the following statements is TRUE a Cell membranes consist of a single layer of phospholipids in which a variety of proteins and other molecules are imbedded 2 b Cell membranes consist of a double layer of phospholipids in which a variety of proteins and other molecules are imbedded c Cell membranes consist primarily of a double layer of cholesterol molecules with imbedded proteins and other molecules d Cell membranes consist primarily of a single layer of cholesterol molecules with imbedded proteins and other molecules e Cell membranes are extremely rigid structures in which the molecules are firmly held in place 15 Which of the following is NOT a component of the endomembrane system a nuclear envelope b Golgi apparatus c peroxisome d lysosome e endoplasmic reticulum 16 Which of the following would you find in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells a ribosomes b nuclear envelope c mitochondria d endoplasmic reticulum e centrioles 17 Which of the following statements is TRUE a In cellular respiration NAD acts as a reducing agent b In cellular respiration ATP acts as an oxidizing agent c In cellular respiration NADH acts as an oxidizing agent d In cellular respiration ATP acts as a reducing agent e In cellular respiration NADH acts as a reducing agent 18 Match the following list of cellular locations to the correctly ordered list of processes in cellular respiration mitochondrial matrix inner mitochondrial membrane cytosol a glycolysis electron transport chain Krebs cycle b glycolysis Krebs cycle electron transport chain c Krebs cycle glycolysis electron transport chain d Krebs cycle electron transport chain glycolysis e electron transport chain Krebs cycle glycolysis 19 Which of the following statements is TRUE a One of the commonest second messengers in cells is G protein b When a signal molecule binds a tyrosine kinase receptor this causes membrane polypeptides to assemble into an active enzyme c The process by which information carried by a molecule outside the cell is converted to a response inside the cell is called signal transformation d Most signal molecules enter