Works CitedThe Domestic FerretThe domestic ferret is the most popular pet after dogs and cats in this country. Currently it is the pet that is growing the fastest in popularity in the United States. Ferrets are furry, fun loving, social mammals (Figure 1). Many people have many preconceived notions about ferrets that are just plain wrong. For example,Ferrets are not wild animalsFerrets are not mean and viciousFerrets are not bad around children.Ferrets are not related to the wild Black Footed ferret found in the Western United States.Brief HistoryFerrets have been domesticated from the time of the Pharaohs in Egypt. It is estimated that Egyptians had domesticated ferrets as long ago as 3,000 BC. Ferret images have been found in Egyptian tombs indicating that they were held in high esteem.Since that ancient time, ferrets have been constant human companions. Muzzled ferrets have been used to chase rabbits out of their holes into waiting nets. They were also frequently kept as “working” pets to hunt rats and mice. They were used extensively in the United States for this purpose well in the early1900s. (Note: Jeans, 8)Ferrets came to their height of popularity during the Victorian Age in England around 1875 when Queen Victoria began giving them as gifts to visitingheads of state. She was so enamored with them that she commissioned special cages be built for them. (Note: Jeans, 7)Ferrets as PetsIn 1994 it was estimated that there were more than seven million ferrets in domestic households in the United States. (Note Jeans, 8) Ferrets are becomingone of the most popular pets because they have the same as well as different qualities of both cats and dogs.They are more independent than dogs.They are more playful than kittens and remain playful all their lives.They are very quiet animals and do not make a lot of noise.They do not have to be taken for 2:00 a.m. walks.They are small, litter trainable, and extremely social.They sleep 15 - 20 hours a day.Depending upon the neutered status of the animal, ferrets go by a numberof different names:Kit - baby ferretJill - female ferret capable of breedingSprite - spayed femaleHob - male ferret capable of breedingGib - neutered maleBusiness - A group of ferretsFerret OdorFerrets (Mustela Furo) belong to the Mustelidae family. This biological family contains skunks, wolverines, badgers, mink, ermine, and so forth. Adiagram of the Family Mustelidae can be seen in Figure 2. (Note - Bossart) Since the ferret belongs to this family it is natural for it to have a musky odor. This odor originates from scent glands that are located around its anus as well as around the ears. Many ferrets that you find in pet stores have been descented. This means that they cannot spray when frightened or angry. The only odor that remains comes from the scent glands around the head.Many people still find this odor a bit strong and some bath their pets at least once a week to control the slight smell. Other pet owners do not find this odor offensive and rarely bathe their pets. If you do decide to bath your ferret, it is generally not recommended to bath a ferret more than once a week, because this will deplete needed oils from their coat.Ferret PersonalitiesFerrets have very playful personalities and are extremely intelligent and problem-solving animals. Ferrets don’t know what the word moderation means when it comes to play. They go “full tilt” until they get so tired that they “crash and burn.” Several terms related to ferret play are:Dooking - The “chirping” or noise that ferrets make.Weasel War Dance - The jumping around, going sideways or backwards when playing or wrestling.Ferret Speed Bump - A tired ferret lying flat on the floor (may also be waiting for an attack by another ferret).When two ferrets get together, they usually have tremendous fun entertaining themselves. They stage what look like fierce mock battles where, upon first glance by the uninitiated, they are trying to kill each other. Because of the thick skin around the “scruff” or neck area no harm is done. As a matter of fact, the attacked ferret, when released, usually tries to jump the attacker.An old pair of pants, an empty box with a hole cut in it, a section of dryer hose, or a piece of PVC pipe to explore can be used to keep a ferret entertained.A box of toys dumped on the floor will also keep ferrets occupied (Note FAQ 5.6).Ferret ThieveryFerrets love to stash things in their “hidey hole”. This storage area may be undera piece of furniture or in a box. They have been known to hide keys, shoes, toys, food, or anything else that strikes their fancy (Note -Jeans, 11). Ferrets, forsome reason, really like socks. Many an owner that lets their ferrets in the bedroom has searched vainly for socks after getting up in the morning. Ferret HousingWhile some people give their ferrets free run of the house, it is usually recommended that ferrets be caged or at least confined to one room while no one is home. (Note - DF-FAIR, 6) Wire cages with multiple levels seem to be preferred by most ferrets. (Note - FAQ 5.2).Ferrets are extremely inquisitive and fearless. They can easily get into trouble by getting trapped in an area that most humans would think inaccessible.The rule of thumb is that if their head can fit into something, then the body can follow. This means that you must perform extensive “ferret-proofing” to make an area safe for ferrets (Note-FAQ 6.1). Some things that you can do to keep the ferret’s environment safe are:Get potted plants out of their reach.Cover up any small holes so that they cannot get behind appliances or around plumbing pipes.Cover receptacle openings with childproof caps.Place childproof latches on any cabinet doors that they may have access to.Remember that ferrets are domestic household pets. They should never be allowed out of the house without a harness and leash. Do not use collars because a ferret can easily slip out of them.FoodFerrets need a high protein diet. They have a very short digestive system (food goes through in about 3 hours) and cannot digest vegetable products. High quality cat foods like Iams or food manufactured especially for ferrets like Totally Ferret is excellent for them. Ferrets typically like shaped pieces of food rather than pellets that are typically used in cat food (Note - Grant AF). While many ferrets love dairy products like ice cream, this type of food gives them severe diarrhea (under some