MIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.edu 4.510 Digital Design Fabrication Fall 2008 For information about citing these materials or our Terms of Use, visit: http://ocw.mit.edu/terms.4.510 Digital Design Fabrication Design, Computation and Computer Controlled Devices Prof. Larry Sass Department of Architecture and PlanningTowards a Theory of Materializing • Materializing is transformation of a shape (typically 3D) into an artifact composed of many interlocking geometries. – Any size – Any shape – A repeatable process – The initial shape is transformed using construction rules Shape Elements Shape/CAMTransformationrulesijoFigure by MIT OpenCourseWare.Theoretical Underpinnings Production Systems for Computers • Chomsky Generative Grammar 1956 logical language used to produce text (letters and words) • Gips/Stiny Shape Grammars 1980 logical language used to produce shape (drawings) • Sass Physical Grammars 2005 logical language used to produce physical artifacts (objects) Sass, L, “Physical Design Grammar, A Production System for Layered Manufacturing Machines,” Automation in Construction (In Review)How is a Design Materialized? [1] [2] [3] modeling machine & material assembly Measure Cut or Build AssembleIncreased Quality of Designs Images of a chair, luxury automobile, and iPod removed due to copyright restrictions.Machines • Subtractive – Laser cutting – Waterjet cutting – CAD/CAM cutting • Additive – Layered Manufacturing – Mold makingcComputing • Translation of a virtual artifact to physical artifact • Design Language • Constraints Physical Visual Structural Form Assembly Spatial Material Ornamental Machine Style kFigure by MIT OpenCourseWare.Manifesto [Generation of Concept to Construction Descriptions] [Fewer physical tools – computer & machine] [Integration of design and manufacturing] Image of book cover removed due to copyright restrictions. Kieran, Stephen, and James Timberlake. Refabricating Architecture:How Manufacturing Methodologies are Poised to Transform BuildingConstruction. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2003. ISBN: 9780071433211.Physical Characteristics • Materials – Works with sheet goods • Assembly Design – Integrated into every part for self guided assembly • CNC Machining – Embeds detail within every cut • CAD – Generative methods for fabrication (all shapes are
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