Building Trustworthy Semantic WebsDatabase SystemAn Example Database SystemMetadataFunctional ArchitectureDBMS Design IssuesRelational Database: ExampleConcepts in Object Database SystemsA Definition of a Distributed Database SystemArchitectureData DistributionInteroperability of Heterogeneous Database SystemsFederated Database ManagementFederated Data and Policy ManagementCurrent Status and DirectionsWhat is Information Management?Data WarehouseMultidimensional Data ModelData MiningMultimedia Information ManagementExtracting Relations from Text for Mining: An ExampleImage Processing: Example: Change Detection:Semantic WebSemantic Web TechnologiesInformation Management for CollaborationSome Emerging Information Management TechnologiesWhat is Knowledge Management?Knowledge Management ComponentsSlide 29Operating System SecurityMandatory SecurityCovert Channel ExampleNetwork SecuritySteps to Designing a Secure SystemProduct EvaluationSecurity Threats to Web/E-commerceApproaches and SolutionsOther Security TechnologiesBuilding Trustworthy Semantic WebsDr. Bhavani ThuraisinghamThe University of Texas at DallasLecture #3Supporting Technologies: Databases, Information Management and Information SecurityAugust 2006Database SystemConsists of database, hardware, Database Management System (DBMS), and usersDatabase is the repository for persistent dataHardware consists of secondary storage volumes, processors, and main memoryDBMS handles all users’ access to the databaseUsers include application programmers, end users, and the Database Administrator (DBA)Need: Reduced redundancy, avoids inconsistency, ability to share data, enforce standards, apply security restrictions, maintain integrity, balance conflicting requirementsWe have used the definition of a database management system given in C. J. Date’s Book (Addison Wesley, 1990)An Example Database SystemDatabaseDatabase Management SystemApplicationProgramsUsersAdapted from C. J. Date, Addison Wesley, 1990MetadataMetadata describes the data in the database-Example: Database D consists of a relation EMP with attributes SS#, Name, and SalaryMetadatabase stores the metadata -Could be physically stored with the databaseMetadatabase may also store constraints and administrative informationMetadata is also referred to as the schema or data dictionaryFunctional ArchitectureUser Interface ManagerQueryManagerTransaction ManagerSchema(Data Dictionary)Manager (metadata)Security/IntegrityManagerFileManagerDiskManagerData ManagementStorage ManagementDBMS Design IssuesQuery Processing-Optimization techniquesTransaction Management-Techniques for concurrency control and recoveryMetadata Management-Techniques for querying and updating the metadatabaseSecurity/Integrity Maintenance-Techniques for processing integrity constraints and enforcing access control rulesStorage management-Access methods and index strategies for efficient access to the databaseRelational Database: ExampleRelation S:S# SNAME STATUS CITYS1 Smith 20 LondonS2 Jones 10 ParisS3 Blake 30 ParisS4 Clark 20 LondonS5 Adams 30 AthensRelation P:P# PNAME COLOR WEIGHT CITYP1 Nut Red 12 LondonP2 Bolt Green 17 ParisP3 Screw Blue 17 RomeP4 Screw Red 14 LondonP5 Cam Blue 12 ParisP6 Cog Red 19 LondonRelation SP:S# P# QTYS1 P1 300S1 P2 200S1 P3 400S1 P4 200S1 P5 100S1 P6 100S2 P1 300S2 P2 400S3 P2 200S4 P2 200S4 P4 300S4 P5 400Concepts in Object Database SystemsObjects- every entity is an object-Example: Book, Film, Employee, CarClass -Objects with common attributes are grouped into a class Attributes or Instance Variables-Properties of an object class inherited by the object instancesClass Hierarchy-Parent-Child class hierarchyComposite objects-Book object with paragraphs, sections etc. Methods-Functions associated with a classA Definition of a Distributed Database SystemA collection of database systems connected via a networkThe software that is responsible for interconnection is a Distributed Database Management System (DDBMS)Each DBMS executes local applications and should be involved in at least one global application (Ceri and Pelagetti)Homogeneous environmentArchitectureCommunication NetworkDistributed Processor 1DBMS 1Data-base 1Data-base 3Data-base 2DBMS 2DBMS 3Distributed Processor 2Distributed Processor 3Site 1Site 2Site 3Data DistributionEMP1SS# Name Salary1 John 20 2 Paul 303 James 404 Jill 50 605 Mary6 Jane 70 D#102020 201020DnameD# MGR10 30 40Jane David Peter DEPT1SITE 1SITE 2EMP2SS# Name Salary9 Mathew70 D#50DnameD# MGR50MathJohn PhysicsDEPT2Davi d 80 30Peter 90 4078C. Sci. English French20PaulInteroperability of Heterogeneous Database SystemsDatabase System ADatabase System BNetworkDatabase System C(Legacy)Transparent accessto heterogeneousdatabases - both usersand application programs;Query, Transactionprocessing(Relational)(Object-Oriented)Federated Database ManagementDatabase System ADatabase System BDatabase System CCooperating databasesystems yet maintainingsome degree ofautonomyFederation F1Federation F2Federated Data and Policy ManagementExportData/PolicyComponentData/Policy for Agency AData/Policy for FederationExportData/PolicyComponentData/Policy for Agency CComponentData/Policy for Agency BExportData/PolicyCurrent Status and DirectionsDevelopments-Several prototypes and some commercial products-Tools for schema integration and transformation-Standards for interoperable database systemsChallenges being addressed-Semantic heterogeneity-Autonomy and federation-Global transaction management-Integrity and SecurityNew challenges-Scale-Web data managementWhat is Information Management?Information management essentially analyzes the data and makes sense out of the dataSeveral technologies have to work together for effective information management-Data Warehousing: Extracting relevant data and putting this data into a repository for analysis-Data Mining: Extracting information from the data previously unknown-Multimedia: managing different media including text, images, video and audio-Web: managing the databases and libraries on the
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