Slide 1Slide 2Slide 3Slide 4Slide 5Slide 6Slide 7Slide 8Slide 9Slide 10Slide 11Slide 12Slide 13Slide 14Slide 15Slide 16Slide 17Slide 18Slide 19Slide 20Slide 21Slide 22Slide 23Slide 24Slide 25Slide 26Slide 27Slide 28Slide 29Slide 30Slide 31Slide 32Slide 33Slide 34Slide 35Slide 36Slide 37Slide 38Slide 39Slide 40Slide 41Slide 42Slide 43Slide 44Slide 45Slide 46Slide 47Slide 48Slide 49Slide 50Slide 51Slide 52Slide 53Slide 54Slide 55Slide 56Slide 57Slide 58Slide 59Slide 60Slide 61Slide 62Slide 63Slide 64Slide 65Slide 66Slide 67Slide 68Slide 69Slide 70Slide 71Slide 72Slide 73Slide 74Slide 75Slide 76Slide 77Slide 78Slide 79Slide 80Slide 81Slide 82Slide 83Slide 84Slide 85Slide 86Colorado Space Grant ConsortiumColorado Space Grant ConsortiumGateway To SpaceASEN / ASTR 2500Class #12Gateway To SpaceASEN / ASTR 2500Class #12Introduction:Introduction:- Presentations last Tuesday Night…- All in all everyone did a good job- Some were better than othersIntroduction:Introduction:Introduction:Introduction:Introduction:Introduction:Introduction:Introduction:Introduction:Introduction:Introduction:Introduction:- Homework #5 (order forms) Due next class- Camera update- Proposal comments- 46 days to launchIntroduction:Demo:What is a rocket?Today:Journey Through Rocket History- Standing on the shoulders of giants- In your careers, remember how you got thereIntroduction:Demo:What is a rocket?-A reaction engine-Propellant in a chamber, accelerated to high speed and expelled at one end through a nozzle.Demo:What is a rocket?Early History:• China, 1232- Chinese history in the use of primitive rockets spans centuries-Armies fired flaming rockets at enemies-Battle of Kai-fung-fu, rockets launched could be heard for 15 miles when launched and upon impact devastated everything in all directions for 2,000 feet- Carried incendiary materials and iron shrapnelEarly History:• 1665 A.D. Isaac Newton- At 23, plague while at Cambridge- Went to be one with nature- He studied gravity- Discovered “Newton’s Laws of Motion”F = m a- 1666, he understood planetary motion- Did zip for 20 years until Edmund HalleyEarly History:• British, 1814- In 1799, the British attacked Tippoo Sultan’s Mogol forces in India- British forces were bombed by rockets 5,000 rocketeers- Losses were severe, but the British learned something- British developed a rocket program- Used this program on United States- Bombed Baltimore for 25 hours- Francis Scott Key wrote poem “...and the rockets red glare...gave proof through the night that our flag was still there...”Early History:• Confederate States of America, 1864- 12 foot long rocket- 10 pounds of gunpowder- Launched from Richmond, Virginia- Intended to be first ballistic missile- Target was Washington, D.C.- Brass case marked C.S.A.- Roar out of sight- Never found- What’s the point?- Rockets = weapons- No real thought on how they worked or functioned- No control, just light it and hope it doesn’t return- Someone changed all that…Introduction:- Jules Verne- 1866, published, “From the Earth to the Moon”- He changed the thinking of rockets- He saw them as method of travel- He presented the world with a glimpse of the futureVerne:Verne:Verne:Verne:-Deeply affected the course of rockets-Also published Time travel- Makes you wonderTsiolkovsky:• Russia, 1883 - School Teacher, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, published famous “Rocket Equation” in 1903- Considered mad at time now a monument stands in Moscow- Influenced by Verne- Was an amazing person- Very poor and nearly deaf- Was self educated- He published over 500 papers-Talked about multistage rockets, liquid rocketsTsiolkovsky:The Rocket Equation:- Very depressed, until this guy paid him a visitTsiolkovsky:- Dimitri Mendeleyev- Invented the Periodic Table- He inspired TsiolkovskyTsiolkovsky:Tsiolkovsky:“ Happiness is the absence of all kind of suffering in all the Universe, for all times, as well as the absence of all of the processes for destroying goodness.”-To do this, one needs to understand the universe-To do that, one needs to go to space and liveTsiolkovsky:The Earth is the cradle of the mind, but we cannot live forever in a cradle1n 1926 Tsiolkovsky defined his "Plan of Space Exploration,” consisting of sixteen steps for human expansion into space:Tsiolkovsky:1) Creation of rocket airplanes with wings.2) Progressively increasing the speed and altitude of these airplanes.3) Production of real rockets-without wings.4) Ability to land on the surface of the sea.5) Reaching escape velocity (about 8 Km/second), and the first flight into Earth orbit.6) Lengthening rocket flight times in space.7) Experimental use of plants to make an artificial atmosphere in spaceships.8) Using pressurized space suits for activity outside of spaceships.9) Making orbiting greenhouses for plants.10) Constructing large orbital habitats around the Earth.11) Using solar radiation to grow food, to heat space quarters, and for transport throughout Solar System.12) Colonization of the asteroid belt.13) Colonization of the entire Solar System and beyond.14) Achievement of individual and social perfection.15) Overcrowding of the Solar System and the colonization of the Milky Way (the Galaxy).16) The Sun begins to die and the people remaining in the Solar System's population go to other suns.Other tidbits…-As early as 1894, Tsiolkovsky designed a monoplane which flew in 1915. -He built the first Russian wind tunnel in 1897. -Tsiolkovsky was interested in the theories of space flight, but he never built a rocket or motor himself. -In December, 1996, U.S. Astronaut John Blaha, aboard the Russian space station MIR, harvested the first wheat crop completely grown in space, thus fulfilling Step 9 of his 16 step plan for the first time. -Sputnik, the first artificial Earth satellite, was launched on October 4, 1957, just after the100 th anniversary of his birthday, in honor of Tsiolkovsky. -The largest crater on the far side of the Moon is named after Tsiolkovsky. Tsiolkovsky:- Star Trek named a ship after him- USS Tsiolkovsky, NCC-53911- 2nd Episode, season 1 “The Naked Now”- Oberth ClassTsiolkovsky:- Robert H. Goddard, 1882 to 1942- Influenced by Verne- 1912, he first explored mathematically the practicality of using rocket propulsion to reach high altitudes and even the moon- Nearly died of TB in 1913- First proved, by actual static test, that a rocket will work in a vacuum, that it needs no air to push