School of Continuing Studies CS 351: Introduction to Computer Graphics“Quiz” #1What is Computer Graphics?What drives computer graphics?Slide 5Slide 6Slide 7Slide 8Slide 9Hardware: Amazing ChangesSlide 11Slide 12Hardware... some not so goodHardwareRenderingSlide 16Slide 17Rendering RealismSlide 19Slide 20Is this real?Terrain Modeling: Snow and Trees AddedGrowth ModelsRendering/Modeling HairHumansIs Photorealism Everything?Slide 27Non-Photorealistic RenderingTone ShadingNonPhotorealistic RenderingImage Based Rendering3D Scene Capture3D Scene Recreation360o ScanInteractionInteraction still needs...ModelingSlide 38Modeling... is hardModeling is hardSlide 41Model CaptureModelsScientific VisualizationIn This ClassRequired BooksEach classEach class (con’t.)ProjectsProject RulesGradesPowerPoint PresentationSchool of Continuing StudiesCS 351: Introduction to Computer GraphicsCS 351“Quiz” #1What is Computer Graphics?●Creation, Manipulation, and Storage of geometric objects (modeling) and their images (rendering)●Display those images on screens or hardcopy devices●Image processing●Others: GUI, Haptics, Displays (VR)...What drives computer graphics?●Movie Industry–Leaders in quality and artistry–Not slaves to conceptual purity–Big budgets and tight schedules–Reminder that there is more to CG than technology–Hey, How'd they do that?–Defines our expectationsSlide information from Leonard McMillian's slides http://www.cs.unc.edu/~mcmillan/comp136/Lecture1/compgraf.htmlWhat drives computer graphics?●Game Industry–The newest driving force in CG●Why? Volume and Profit●This is why we have commodity GPUs–Focus on interactivity–Cost effective solutions–Avoiding computating and other tricks–Games drive the baselineSlide information from Leonard McMillian's slides http://www.cs.unc.edu/~mcmillan/comp136/Lecture1/compgraf.htmlWhat drives computer graphics?●Medical Imaging and Scientific Visualization–Tools for teaching and diagnosis●No cheating or tricks allowed–New data representations and modalities–Drive issues of precision and correctness–Focus on presentation and interpretation of data–Construction of models from acquired dataNanomanipulator, UNCJoe Kniss, UtahGordon Kindelman, UtahWhat drives computer graphics?●Computer Aided Design–Mechanical, Electronic, Architecture,...–Drives the high end of the hardware market–Integration of computing and display resources–Reduced design cyles == faster systems, soonerProEngineer, www.ptc.comWhat drives computer graphics?●Graphic User Interfaces (GUI)–www.webpagesthatsuck.comSlide information from Leonard McMillian's slides http://www.cs.unc.edu/~mcmillan/comp136/Lecture1/compgraf.htmlWhat is Computer Graphics?●Look at 5 areas–Hardware–Rendering–Interaction–Modeling–Scientific VisualizationSlide information from Richard RiesenfeldHardware: Amazing Changes●Fundamental architecture shift–Dual computing engines:●CPU and GPU●More in GPU than CPUHardware: Amazing Changes●Fast, cheap GPUs–~$300●Cheap memory●Displays at low cost– How many monitors do you have/use?Hardware: Amazing Changes●Wired -> Unwired●World of AccessHardware... some not so good●Devices●3D displays●EtcHardware●How old is Nvidia●How big is Nvidia●QEDRendering●Many think/thought graphics synonymous with rendering●Well researched–Working on second and third order effects–Fundamentals largely in placeRendering●Major areas:–Ealiest: PhotoRealism–Recent: Non-Photorealistic Graphics (NPR)–Recent: Image-based Rendering (IBR)Rendering●Ray Tracing has become practical–Extremely high quality images–Photorealism, animation, special effects●Accurate rendering, not just prettyRendering RealismRendering RealismRendering RealismIs this real?Terrain Modeling: Snow and Trees AddedGrowth ModelsRendering/Modeling HairQuickTime™ and aPhoto decompressorare needed to see this picture.QuickTime™ and aVideo decompressorare needed to see this picture.HumansIs Photorealism Everything?Is Photorealism Everything?Non-Photorealistic RenderingTone ShadingNonPhotorealistic RenderingImage Based Rendering●Model light field●Do not have to model geometry●Good for complex 3D scenes●Can leave holes where no data is available3D Scene Capture3D Scene Recreation360o ScanInteraction●Way behind rest of graphic's spectacular advances●Still doing WIMP:–Windows, icons, menus, pull-downs/pointing●Once viewed as “soft” research–Turns out to be one of hardest problemsInteraction still needs...●Better input devices●Better output devices●Better interaction paradigms●Better understanding of HCI–Bring in psychologistsModeling●Many model reps–Bezier, B-spline, box splines, simplex splines, polyhedral splines, quadrics, super-quadrics, implicit, parametric, subdivision, fractal, level sets, etc (not to mention polygonal)Modeling●Physically based–Newton–Behavior as well as geometry●Materials–Metal, cloth, organic forms, fluids, etc●Procedural (growth) modelsModeling... is hard●Complexity●Shape●Specifying●Realistic constraints●Detail vs concept●Tedious, slowModeling is hard●Mathematical challenge●Computational challenge●Interaction challenge●Display challenge (want 3D)●Domain knowledge, constraintsGrowth ModelsModel CaptureModelsD Johnson andJ D St Germain, UtahRuss Fish et al., UtahScientific VisualizationNational Library of MedicineVisual HumanQuickTime™ and aYUV420 codec decompressorare needed to see this picture.In This Class●Review rasterization, modeling, viewing, lighting, texture mapping and raytracing●GUI and Interaction in three-dimensionsRequired Books●OptionalEach class●Based-upon reading assignment–Quiz–Roundtable:●What you found to be the most interesting in the reading●What confused you or topic(s) you want more discussion onEach class (con’t.)●Lecture and discussion●20 minute or less viewing of an animation●Project discussion and help session●At least one 15 minute break in the middleProjects●C or C++●Chinese-Resturaunt menu likeProject RulesFailure to follow these rules will result in lost points:●If you use code from elsewhere, it must be documented in your README●If you use ideas from printed paper or online material, must credit it●Projects must compile and run on the designated machineGrades●Class participation●Quizes●Late projects loose 5% on first 12 hours, 10%