History 127C Week 2 Lecture 4- Everyone was celebrating in March- No one thought that another revolution was in the horizonsMusic: “the Internationale”- Arise, your prisoners of starvation!/ Arise, you wretched of the earth!/ For justice thunders condemnation: A better world’s in birth/ No more tradition chains shall bind us, /Arise your slaves, no more in thrall! / The earth will rise on new foundations: / We have been nothing, we shall be all! / ‘Tis the final conflict, / Let each stand in his place. / The international workers / Shallbe the human race.” Lenin returns- Stalin, Molotov in charge in Marcho Revolution is over?o Stalin and Molotov had sided with the idea that the revolution was overo Wait and see what Provisional Govt. does- Lenin: No!o April ThesesBread! Peace! Land! The social revolution- Peasants’ demands:o Land! (without compensation) - Two types of land reformo Land reform with compensation – the state buys it and leases it to peasants – landowners are compensated for their losseso Confiscation - Soldiers demands:o Peace!o They don’t want to die- Workers’ Demands:o 8 hour dayo higher wageso price controlso Workers’ Management The July Days- Provisional Gov’t orders offensiveo Extremely unpopular at the fronto Extremely unpopular in Petrograd- Soldiers and sailors erupto Anarchistso Bolshevik Military Organizationo Kronstadt sailors - Want armed demonstrations- Bolshevik Central Committee = o Caution- Lenin =o Cautiono Then supporto Then caution- Results:o Armed demonstration put down by P.G.o Bolsheviks outlawed and blamed - Lenin is regarded as the #1 wanted guy for being a spyAugust- The players:o Alexander Kerensky (Head of Provisional Gov’t) Neutralizes Lenino Petrograd Soviet (Moderate Socialists) Supports Kerenskyo Bolsheviks (radical socialists) Command considerable influence among factory workers, sailors and soldiers o Soldiers, sailors, workerso The Right Gen Kornilov Supports the revolution- The issues:o Priceso The waro The land o Law and ordero Economic collapse continued- The maneuver:o Kerensky + Kornilovo Complicatedo Lots of versionso Kerenksy sends a message to Kornilov that he would like to him to put a few cavalry divisions at his disposal that he could use if the left rises up again [Bolsheviks]o Konilov agrees Kornilov Affair- Kornilov marches on Petrogrado The Revolution in danger!- Kerensky approaches Bolshevikso Legalizeo Defend the revolution- Formation of Red Guardso Militia in Petrogrado Workers with guns, soldiers, sailors- Kornilov defeatedo Bolshevik RR men- Results:o Red Guards armedo Bolsheviks freeParty Strength in 1917- Juneo Bolsheviks – 16%o SR – 45%o Mensheviks – 39%o Agrarian socialists are popular with the peasants, the majorityo Peasants are unfamiliar about the parties but they automatically support the SRs because they’re told they support the peasants- Julyo Mensheviks -12%o Other – 16%o SR – 28%o Bolsheviks – 44%o Bolsheviks benefit from misery; benefit from growing social and economic disastero The SRs are still shrinking but are still on the map because of the peasants- Augusto Menshevik – 4%o Kadet – 22%o Bolsheviks – 35%o SR – 39%- Novembero Bolsheviks – 25% Huge triumph in a peasant countryo SR – 58%o Kadet – 5%o Conservatives – 7%o Other socialists – 5%o Mensheviks have disappeared and split into the other parties September- Bolshevik majority in Petrograd Sovieto Reflect their popularity during radical times- Bolsheviks now have an institutional voice – the Petrograd Sovieto Able to use their majority to pass or not pass legislation, etc- Lenin agitates for armed takeovero CC resistso Advocates for an overthrow of the governmento BMO in favorThe October Revolution- Red Guards, soldiers seize Petrogrado Telephone exchangeo Bridgeso Train stations- Second congress of Sovietso Mensheviks, SRs, walk out- In Russian, Bolshevik translates to men of the majority and Menshevik translates to men of the minority- 1903 division of the parties “Storming” the Winter Palace- Red Guards don’t want to particularly storm the Winter Palace- The Red Guards are seeking a solution without a lot of killingConstituent Assembly November 1917- Conservatives – 7%- SR – 50%- Bolshevik – 25%- Other socialists – 5%- Kader – 5%- Others – 13%- Socialists –