HIST 1312 1st Edition Exam 2 Study Guide Question one Reforms under Roosevelt Taft and Wilson Looking for the significance in the answers Roosevelt progressive domestic 3Cs 1 Control of corporations Anthracite coal strike The workers want to go from 12 hrs a day to 11 and same pay They get this First president to ever do anything to help labor Trustbusting 8yrs 45 cases Trust will start to be broken up Northern securities is the first to be broken up Northern securities 100 of railroads in northwest Board of directors is broken up 2 Consumerism Upton Sinclair the jungle Roosevelt is eating as he reads it Meat inspection act Regulation of meat that is sold Pure food and drug act Covers drugs and everything you can get What has been tested to be safe and approved is what is actually being sold 3 Conservation Scientific management Pinchot Pinchot is found to regulate the ecosystems of the national parks National parks More and more lands are put aside for future generations Wet lands and marshlands are also put aside Fish and wildlife preserves Takes care of the wet lands and marshland Water resource management Building of reservoirs man made lakes creation of dams etc Taft 1 Trustbusting standard oil 4yrs 90 cases Standard oil will be broken up By the time tafts time is up there are no more trusts to break up 2 Postal savings bank 1911 3 Ballinger Pinchot affair Causes a rift between Taft and Roosevelt Illegal mining on national lands Pinchot goes to Taft nothing is done to Ballinger and the story is leaked to the press and Taft is fired 4 Payne Aldrich tariff Causes a Rift between Taft and Roosevelt Taft asks congress to look at the tariff and was told by Roosevelt not to Increase overall rates by a tiny percentage and 16th amendment was proposed Wilson 16th amendment Income tax and a lower tariff Allows congress to tax your income Underwood Simmons tariff Payne Aldridge tariff rates go from 68 69 to 20 17th amendment Direct election of senators Reduces the power of the states and that power is given to the people 18th amendment Prohibition No manufacture selling or transport of alcoholic beverages 19th amendment Women s right to vote Federal reserve act One of the most significant acts Created with 12 equal branches that were spread out in different geographic rhinos Three functions were to provide elasticity in money supply which is achieved by either increasing or decreasing interest rates Second was to be able to move funds from one area of the country to the other very quickly during times of economic emergency Third was to act as a lender of last resort for banks Warehouse act Sub treasury for farm produce Farmers could put agricultural goods into storage hold onto their voucher and then sell when prices went back up Clayton anti trust act Makes sure trusts don t show up again Made officials of corporations personally liable if the companies they worked with once again started to engage in monopolistic practices They could be put in jail and they could be fined personally if found guilty Child labor act Prohibited children under the age of 14 from working in inherently dangerous positions Opens more jobs for adults and adults will get paid more Multiple choice questions Boxer rebellion and the two open door notes sent by John Hayes to the leaders in Europe First note says we should have free unlimited trade in china before boxer rebellion Boxer rebellion took place Second open door note after the rebellion said the same thing except it was saying that was how it was going to be Giving up extraterritoriality Second open door note protected and preserved China s sovereignty and Mckinley s assassination Roosevelt foreign policy Speak softly carry a big stick Roosevelt corollary means us will be police men of Western Hemisphere Russo Japanese war where he mediates between the two countries to prevent war First American president to get a Nobel peace prize French get Panama Canal Hay Pauncefote treaty Between us and British Terms are us released earlier treaty from 1850s that said we would behold a canal together or not at all under the condition that we would charge British ships no more than what we charged us ships for the tolls Hay Herran treaty Between us and Colombia Under the terms the us would give 10 mil to Columbia and 250 000 a year in events from the tolls and us was given a six mile strip of land Was not ratified by Colombia Hay binau Varilla treaty Between us and panama Ten mil to panama for the canal 250 000 a year plus the us would get 10 miles of land for the canal Mosquito carries yello fever and now spraying for Mosquitos Engineers Gentleman s agreement Japan restricts immigration to us us puts pressure on California to allows Japanese into the schools again Great white fleet Taft had dollar diplomacy in his foreign policy Wilson we sign a treaty to build a transisthmus canal is we want to Mexican revolution created animosity between us and Mexico in the years before Ww1 Purchase of U S Virgin Islands Washington naval conference has a ratio in place Every 5 British means 5 us means 3 japan Teapot dome scandal 25 000 dollar bribe to allow illegal mining Kellogg grand pact Question two Ww1 Background Imperial ambitions 100 yrs prior to ww1 Europe had been colonizing but no longer could so they turned inward National aspirations Development of national pride and identity that it gets in he he way or diplomacy Secret alliances Serbia with Russia with France Austria Hungarian empire with Germany with Ottoman Empire Assassination of archduke 60 day period where diplomacy is attempted but after those days Germany attacks France but goes through neutral Belgium in August 1914 which pulls Great Britain into the war since they are the guaranteeor of neutrality in Belgium Us neutrality Tench warfare Use of mustard gas which is banned internationally after the war U boats German subs Sinking of ships even passenger ships Election of 1916 Wilson kept us out of war April 1917 Zimmerman telegram brings the us into the war Germans try to get Mexicans to attack the us border to keep us out of the war in Europe Convoy system Works for us and not British because we have sonar and can find the subs and use depth charges to destroy them Wilson s 14 pts Self determination for all people No war guilt No war reparations Creation of the League of Nations Treaty of Versailles War guilt for Germany War reparations imposed on Germany No self determination League of Nations but us doesn