60 Cards in this Set
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Modes of production
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economic conditions that underlie the production process
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Globalization
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Ever-increasing flow of goods, services, money, people, technology, information, and other cultural items across political borders
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Foraging
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Behavior necessary to recognize, search for, capture, and consume food
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Horticulture
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Cultivation of crops carried out with simple hand tools such as digging sticks or hoes
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Pastoralism
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A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food, clothing, and shelter
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Agriculture
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A form of food production in which fields are in permanent cultivation using plows, animals, and techniques of soil and water control
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Indigenous knowledge
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local understanding of the environment, climate, plants, animals, and making a living
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Industrialism
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A system based on the use of machines rather than on animal or human power
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Capitalism
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An economic system based on private property and free enterprise.
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Cultural homogenization
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coming together of different cultural practices into one blended, uniform cultural practices that do not allow easy identification of the characteristics of many cultures
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Medical Anthropology
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A specialization in anthropology that brings theoretical and applied approaches from cultural and biological anthropology to the study of human health and disease
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Ethnomedicine
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the study of cross-cultural health systems
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Folk/popular medicine
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Practices and ideas of the body limited to a segment of the population in a culture, transmitted informally as general knowledge
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Disease
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Biological health problem which is both subjective and universal
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Illness
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Culturally shaped perception and experience of a health problem
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Structural Suffering
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Health problems caused by natural forces such as war and poverty
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Nosology
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classification and naming system for medical and psychological phenomena
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Susto
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Fright/shock disease, a culture-specific illness found in Spain and Portugal and among Latino people wherever they live; symptoms include back pain, fatigue, weakness, and lack of appetite
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Culture Bound Syndromes
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Sets of signs & symptoms that are common in a limited number of cultures but virtually non-existent in most other cultural groups
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Bulimia
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An eating disorder characterized by episodes of overeating, usually of high-calorie foods, followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise
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Anexoria
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life threatening eating disorder, because of dramatic weight loss and distorted body image
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Diagnosis
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Defining a disease from it's signs and symptoms
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Divination
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(n.) the art or act of predicting the future or discovering hidden knowledge
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Western Biomedicine
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a healing approach based on modern Western science that emphasizes technology for diagnosing and treating health problems related to the human body
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Community Healing
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healing that emphasizes the social context as a key component and that is carried out within the public domain
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Healers
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Religious practitioners who acquire spirit power to diagnose the spirit cause of illness and effect cures
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Humoral Healing Systems
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healing that emphasizes balance among natural elements within the body
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Ethnobotany
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a focus within anthropology that examines the relationship between humans and plants in different cultures
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Geophagia
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the specific craving for nonfood items that come from the earth, such as clay or dirt
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Ecological/epidemiological Approach
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See how elements of the natural and social environment affect the body
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Ayurvedic Medicine
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Origins in India; goal of this medical system is to rebalance mind, body, and spirit through cleansing of the body of substances that cause disease
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Interpretevist Approach
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assumes that there is more than one reality experienced by humans.Instead they believe reality is a reflection of a society or group at a point in time. As a result they tend to study culture and use ethnography to understand their study participants' reality.
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Placebo Affect
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The healing effect that faith in medicine, even inert medicine, often has
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Critical Medical Anthropology
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an approach within medical anthropology involving the analysis of how economic and political structures shape people's health status, their access to health care, and the prevailing medical systems that exist in relation to them
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Medicalization
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Labeling a particular issue or problem as medical and requiring medical treatment when the problem is really economical or political
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Morbidity
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A measure of health that refers to the rate of disease in a given population
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Mortality
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A measure of deaths in a given population, location or other grouping of interest
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Cognitive Retrogression
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A return to a less complex or more primitive state or stage
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Dehumanization
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One group denies the humanity of the other group. Members of it are equated with animals, vermin, insects or diseases
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Emerging disease
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a disease that is caused by new or reappearing infectious agents that typically exist in animal populations
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Re emerging disease
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Diseases that once were major health problems globally or in a particular country and then declined dramatically
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Kyanasur Forest Disease
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The main hosts of KFDV are small rodents, transmitted through the bite of an infected tick, they symptoms begin with fever, headache, severe muscle pain, cough, dehydration, etc and after 1-2 weeks so recover fine and then sometimes it just continues to re-do the cycle
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Medical Pluralism
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the existence of more than one health system in a culture, or a government policy to promote the integration of local healing systems into biomedical practice
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Explanatory Models
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developed by Kleinman in the 1970's, helped practitioners to explore ways in which people make sense of health, illness, disability, and healing
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Clinical Medical Anthropology
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application of anthropological knowledge to furthering the goals of health care providers OR use of medical anthropology concepts in clinical setting
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World Health Organization
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An international body of health care professionals, including clinicians and epidemiologists among many others, that studies and responds to health needs and trends worldwide.
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Traditional Birth Attendant
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assists the mother at childbirth, initially acquired skills delivering babies by herself or working with other TBA
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Person Centered Ethnography
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-attempt to creat experience-near ways to describe and analyze hman behavior, subjective experience, and psychological proces
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Cultural Broker
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someone who is familiar with two cultures and can promote communication and understanding across them
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Adolescence
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A developmental period beginning at puberty and ending (less clearly) at adulthood
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Female genital cutting
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range of practices involving partial or total removal of the clitoris and labia
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Berdache
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Among certain Native American peoples, a person, usually a male, who assumes the gender identity and is granted the social status of the opposite sex
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Matrescence
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motherhood, or the cultural process of becoming a mother
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Patrescence
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fatherhood, or the cultural process of becoming a father
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Gender Pluralism
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the existence within a culture of multiple categories of femininity, masculinity, and blurred genders that are tolerated and legitimate
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Puberty
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Sexual maturation; the end of childhood and the point when reproduction is first possible
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Bonding
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Close physical and emotional contact between parent and child during the period immediately following birth, argued by some to affect later relationship strength
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Core
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Dominate most profitable activities, have the strongest government
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Peripheries
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Countries with the least productive activities, import high tech good and services from areas, have weak governments
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Semi Peripheries
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Second tier county, semi-developed country
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ANTH 102: Exam 1