BCMB 3100: Test 3
34 Cards in this Set
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Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, fatty acid synthesis and degradation
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What reactions take place in the cytoplasm of a Eukaryotic cell? (4)
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Mitochondria, matrix of the mitochondria
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The reaction from Pyruvate to Acetyl CoA occurs in the ______ while the Kreb's cycle take place in the ______.
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2 Carbons
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How many carbons are broken down at a time during Fatty Acid degradation?
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high ATP (would stimulate gluconeogenesis) , lower ATP
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PDH is inhibited by _____ in the cell, but _____ activates it
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1 NADH
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Pyruvate --> Acetyl CoA produces...
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Phosphatase
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Decarboxylates PDH complex
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Inhibit
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Citrate buildup will _____ glycolysis because you have enough ATP.
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vitamin b1 (thiamine)
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People lacking the coenzyme for ______ are subject to Beriberi
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Converting Pyruvate to Acetyl CoA
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Vitamin B1 is essential to...
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Coenzyme
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Organic molecule required for an enzyme to function...
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cofactor
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Inorganic molecule required for an enzyme to function...
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Irreversible; phosphatase and kinase
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The PDH complex is highly regulated because the reaction is ______, and it is regulated by what enzymes?
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Oxaloacetate
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______ is important for Kreb's and glucose production.
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Pyruvate Carboxylase
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What enzyme is utilized to produce oxaloacetate from Pyruvate?
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high; lower
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Kreb's cycle would favor a ____ amount of Acetyl CoA and a _____ amount of ATP.
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oxaloacetate, acetyl CoA; citrate
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Citrate synthase is important because it condenses _____ and _____ to form _____.
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citryl CoA
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OA + Acetyl CoA --[....]-> Citrate
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OA; Acetyl CoA
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In the formation of Citrate, ___ must bind first then ___ may bind. Otherwise, we will not get the correct product
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Energy Harvesting
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Formation of NADH, FADH2, or ATP would indicate the process of_____
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Energy Setup
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(Kreb's cycle) There is no formation of different molecules, but necessary steps are taken during ______ to make sure that other processes may be carried out.
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2 Pyruvate, 2 Acetyl CoA, 8 NADH, 2 FADH2, 2 ATP
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1 glucose molecule will produce.... for Kreb's
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ADH and pyruvate; ATP, Acetyl CoA, and NADH
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in the reaction Pyruvate --> Acetyl CoA... what activates the reaction and
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Increased surface area
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The benefits of having the ETC located in a membrane...
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2.5; 1.5
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NADH creates ___ ATP per molecule while FADH2 creates ___ ATP per molecule in the ETC.
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Stop
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High ATP and low ADP will cause the ETC to ____. Low ATP and high ADP will do the opposite.
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Deprotonated; protonated
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when pH>pka of the molecule, it is _____ but when pH<pka of the molecule, it is ______.
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protonated
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On intermembraneous side of the inner membrane, the DNP is _____.
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Deprotonated
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On the matrix side of the inner membrane, the DNP is _____.
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Heat
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When hydrogens are brought back into the matrix, energy is released as...
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provides heat
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Hibernation works in the same way DNP does, it contains proton transporters that _____ due to carrying H+ ions back into the many matrices (brown fat)
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Gradient created by pumped out H+
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Driving force of the ATP synthesis is due to the ______________.
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Acetyl CoA
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Where is a majority of carbons from fatty acid synthesis come from?
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Phosphorylates; inactive
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AMP-dependent protein kinase ________ Acetyl CoA carboxylate, which causes it to become _______.
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Dephosphorylates; active
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Protein Phosphatase 2A________ Acetyl CoA carboxylate, which causes it to become _______.
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BCMB 3100: Test 1