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Facilitated diffusion
polar molecules, ions
Active Transport
Requires input of energy from outside source
Induction
determines what cells will be. Interaction of genetics and proteins
Process of animal development
1. Zygote 2. morula 3. Blastrula 4. Gastrula 5. Embryo
Gastrulation
formation of 3 germ layers
3 Germ layers
Endo/meso/ectoderm
Endoderm
lungs, liver, pancreas, bladder, glands, lining of digestive tract
Mesoderm
blood vessels, muscle, skeleton
Ectoderm
nervous system, outerlayer of skin
Organogenesis
formation of notylcord - induces neural tubule (forms brain and spinal cord) to form
vegetal pole
has yolk (nutrient source) on bottom
Somites
Segments that develop into vertebrae
Light reactions occur where?
Thylakoic membranes
What does photosynthesis yield when it rips water apart?
NADPH, 02
Dark reactions use what to make what?
Use ATP and NADPH to make sugar
When does this occur?
Calvin cycle
Enzyme in photosynthesis
Rubisco
What is the point of photosynthesis?
To make sugar and oxygen
Where do dark reactions take place?
Stroma (goo of chloroplasts)
Point of cellular respiration?
To produce ATP
Steps of cellular respiration
Glycolysis, oxidation of pyruvate, krebs/citric acid cycle, e- transport chain
Glycolysis
in cytoplasm. makes 2 3-C molecules of pyruvate
Krebs cycle
Mitochondral matrix. 2C produced. FADH, NADH
e- transport chain
inner mitochondrial matrix, unloading of "taxis"
What is the final e- acceptor in cellular respiration?
Oxygen. Making water
amino-acid based hormones
adrenaline, melatonin
peptide hormones
growth, antidiuretic

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