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RELGST 0083: EXAM 2
Anagnorisis
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Recognition of the truth, important element of tragedy.
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Animal Transformation
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Example: Dionysus
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Apotheosis
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Being made a god.
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Apotropaic
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"Turning away" - magical means to deflect the evil eye
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Catharsis
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Vicarious experience thru drama (Film: Greek Drama - From Ritual to Theater)
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Communion with God
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Example: Dionysus
Enthusiastic and ecstatic communion.
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Compartmentalization
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Fertility goddesses - functions divided up among gods and goddesses - different from Near Eastern tradition
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Dancing Madness
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Dionysus' followers in his cult
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"Dead Hand" Motif
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Heracles killed by the hands of the dead (poisonous blood from the hydra on arrow that killed Nessus, then given to Deianira who smeared it on shirt for Heracles)
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Downgrading of Traditional Tale
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Tale which originally had important political and religious meaning transferred to another culture as a more ordinary story
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Dramatic Irony
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Example: Oedipus
Audience knows something but character does not
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Dying and Resurrecting God
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Dionysus who in a way dies and comes back to life himself and also has a part in the death and resurrection of others around him
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Ekstasis ("ecstasy")
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Standing outside oneself.
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Enthousiasmos ("enthusiasm")
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Being filled with the god.
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Gender Ambiguity/Reversal/Transformation
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Common feature in myths of Dionysus.
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Gender Ambiguity/Reversal/Transformation
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Common feature in myths of Dionysus.
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"Girl's Tragedy"
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Oedipus makes critical mistakes that cause his peripeteia.
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Initiation Ritual
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Rites of passage; also chapters on myths of fertility, chapters on the heroes and their careers, quests and trials of strength
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Invulnerability Motif
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Demeter trying to make infant Demophon immortal.
Nisus and his purple lock of hair.
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Labyrinth
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Place of the double axe.
Minotaur imprisoned there.
Built by Daedalus
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Maenads
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Female followers of Dionysus.
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Mediation Between Opposites
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Conflicts which cannot be resolved, but must be dealt with (Example: Antigone vs. Creon, nomos vs. physis)
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Metempsychosis |
Orphism - reincarnation of the soul
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Mythical Inversioin
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Amazons; example of feature of social behavior turned upside down
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Necromancer |
Odysseus as magician who summons spirits of dead
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Nomos (custon) vs. Physis (nature)
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Dispute of Crean vs. Antigone
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Omophagia
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Eating raw flesh - Dionysiac ritual
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Orphism/Orphics
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Teaching arising from story of Orpheus that include metempsychosis, dualistic nature of humans, virtues of ascetic life
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Oschophoria |
Festival of Theseus featuring juxtaposed cries of joy and grief.
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Paradigm |
Heracles as paradigm of heroic tragic existence
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Peripeteia |
A turning around, reversal of fortune - important element of tragedy
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Phallus
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Symbol of fertility for Dionysus
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Quest |
A major component of legends, folktales and careers of heroes.
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Recognition Scene
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Where hero, god or goddess is recognized for who he/she really is.
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Resistance Motif
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Stores of resistance to Dionysus and his cult by various communities in Greece; a dominant theme in his myths.
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Sacred Marriage
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Playing the part of marriage to ensure fertility; later as substitute for human sacrifice.
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Scapegoat
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Oedipus (pharmakos), a loathsome pariah on whose head all society's sins are heaped.
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Sparagmos
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Tearing apart live animals limb from limb; part of the cult of Dionysus
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Token of Identity
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Item used for proof of identity or proof that the quest has been completed - for Perseus, the Gorgon head; for Theseus, the sword and sandals hidden under a rock.
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Transmigration of Souls
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Souls of the dead purified and then reborn in another form.
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Transvestitism |
Important element in stories of Dionysus - both for him and Pentheus
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Trial of Strength
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Physical tests of the great heroes - Heracles, Theseus, Perseus
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Autochthonous
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Sprung from the earth
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