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PHY 101: Chapter 2
mechanics |
-branch of physics
- study of motion
|
kinematics |
-description of motion without its cause |
dynamics |
study of cause of motion and the effects it has |
three concepts of motion |
1. displacement: x
2. velocity: v
3. acceleration: a |
distance |
(+) right direction, (-) left direction
-scalor - no vector needed on top |
speed |
- distance per time
-speed has no direction or unit associated with it
-SCALOR quanity |
Vectors |
-magnitude and direction
- shown by arrow on top
-ex: velocity, acceleration, displacement |
scalor |
magnitude without units
ex: speed, distance |
average velocity |
the rate at which displacement occurs
v= delta x = Xi - Xf
delta t ti- tf
-units: m/s |
average speed |
total distance traveled divided by the total time elapsed
-scalor unit |
instantaneous velocity |
- velocity at a given point in time |
constant velocity graph |
an object moving will have graph with a straight line |
When is the acceleration of a moving object zero? |
- when the object is cruising |
When is the velocity of an object zero? |
- in the instant the object starts to move |
What does it mean when v and a signs are the same? |
the speed is increasing |
what does it mean when v and a signs are different? |
the object is slowing down, speed is decreasing |
average acceleration graph |
the slope of the line connecting the initial and the final velocities on a velocity- time graph |
instantaneous acceleration graph |
-the slope of the tangent to the curve of the velocity- time graph |
When will velocity change uniformly with time? |
when the acceleration is constant |