Front Back
OPEC*
-Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries formed in 1960 -important in '70s when demand exceeded supply -Shah increased Iran's share of profits 55% -Jan 1973 shah declared takeover of oil consortium, completed nationalization began by Mossadeq, and raised prices even more -sig: o…
Ottoman Empire
Turkish Muslims - elaborate imperial legal / administrative structure - allow cultural differences
Nationalist movements
groups of people who shared common elements of culture and wished to determine their own political affairs -going after ottoman empire
mandate systems
areas administered by a european power after ww1 - self government and future independence -internationally sanctioned guidelines -egypt, iraq, syria and palenstine imperial powers - european powers, indirect
Middle East
The term ‘Middle East’ reflects European perceptual bias. Europeans call Turkey the Near East; China &Japan, the Far East; and Egypt, Arabia, & Iran, the Middle East.
import substitution
domestic producers were protected because of high tariffs on competitive imports
nationalization
conversions of key industries from private to government operation and control
Free-Trade
system of trade policy that allows traders to trade across national boundaries without interference from the respective governments
informal economy
economic activities that take place beyond official record and are not subject to formalized systems of regulation or remuneration
Oil States
Majority of world's oil reserves Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Kuwait, UAE, Iran, Bahrain, Oman, Qatar Conservative Economic diversification Petrodollars
petrodollars
-dependent on oil -revenues generated by the sale of oil
eastern mediterrean crescent
epygt turket lebanon and israel
Maghreb
The region of NW Africa. West of Egypt. Includes Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and Mauritania.
iranian green revolution
2009 uprising in Iran based on allegations of election fraud against president Mahmoud Ahmadinejah
The Arab Spring
A protest of sorts that began in Tunisia in 2010 and is still going on today. People are demanding democracy in the Middle East and want change to come and lift them from oppression. protests against dictatorships
Jasmine Revolution
protest against dictatorial government policies in Tunisia in 2011 that was a park of the Arab Spring movement - social media
zionism
movement for a Jewish homeland in Palestine
balfour declaration
document in which britain declared support for establishing a jewish homeland in palestine
the first arab-israeli war
prevent israelis from gaining control over more of palenstine territory and wipe out newly formed jewish state all together
Arab League
main goal: to coordinate collaboration between member states, to safeguard their independence and sovereignty, and to consider in a general way the affairs and interests of the Arab countries
Gulf of Cooperation Council
Middle East A trade organization that confers special trade and investment privileges among member nations Bahrian, Kwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi A, UAE
Islamism
conservative religious movement that promotes Islan unity and rejection of western influence
arab american oil company
1944 making sauddi arabia us relies on ARAMCO
ITCZ
intertropical convergence zone low pressure region where air flows together and rises vertically
subtropical high
created by descending air cooled at 30*north (hadley cells)
desertification
land degradation and persistent drought - air / semi arid conditions - desert like -climate change, over grazing, over cultivation, deforestation, and unskilled irrigation
Sahel
southern border of the Sahara Desert with a lot of rainfall
pastoralism
way of life that relies on live stock
colonialism in africa
-scramble for africa resulting in dispora of african people today - regional political boundaries that split ethnic groups across territories or clustered enemies with in one territory
Berlin Conference
a meeting convened by german chancellor otto von bismark to divide africa among european colonial powers
Terms of Trade
The relative price at which trade occurs between countries
fair trade movement
ensuring that producers are paid a reasonable wage and that crops are produced with more sustainable methods
millennium development goals
- eradicate extreme poverty and hunger - achieve universal primary education -promote gender equality / empower women -reduce child mortality -improve maternal health -combat diseases - hiv/aids -ensure environmental sustainability - develop a global partnership for development
scramble for africa
-medical treatment for malaria - replace those lost to independence movements - new colonial frontier w/ corporations operating with european states -discovery of gold and diamonds
colonialism
political and economic system in which regions and societies are legally, economically, and politically dominated by an external or alien society
imperialism
extension of the power of a state through the direct/indirect control of the economic life or other territories reorganized the work and their colonies
neoliberalism
an economic doctrine based on a belief in a minimalist role for the state, which assumes the desirability of free markets as the ideal condition not only for economic organization but also for social and political life
acid rain
rainfall made acidic by atmospheric pollution that causes environmental harm
cap and trade programs
cap - the government imposed limit on carbon emissions trade- occurs when unused emission permits or quotas from states are sold by those who are unable to reach theirs
staples economy
canada -economy based on natural resources that are unprocessed or only minimal processed before they are exported to other areas where the manufactured into end products
sun beltsun belt
an area in the us that experiences massive population growth bc of the inviting climate welcoming people and businesses
deindustrialization
a relative decline in industrial employment in core economic areas
creative destruction
the withdrawal of investments from activities and regions that yield low rates of profit in order to reinvest in new actives and places
nformation technologies
new economy in canada and us =transformed industries and jobs throughout the use of computer systems for storing, retrieving, and sending information
'new economy'
helped increase wealth from some but also leave many behind - application of new technologies on farming to the impact of work -biotechnology on farming / the impact of IM on management hierarchies
occupy wall street
founded in canada - came to america - signals their dissatisfaction with the growing wealth gap between a small number of super rich individuals and the other 99% of the population
democracies
us and canada - a form of government in which all citizens of a nation determine the laws and actions of their own state
federal system
james monroe european powers could no longer colonize the american continents and shouldn't interfere with the newly independent spanish - american republics
war on terror
support from canada, united kingdom and australia - us invade afghanistan
trade winds
latin america and the caribbean
westerlies
air flowing poleward from the tropics into a west-east flow
altitudinal zonation
classification of environment and land use acceding to elevation based mainly on changes in climate and vegetation from lower (warmer) to higher (cooler)
el niño
a periodic warming of sea-surface temperature in the tropical pacific of the coast of Peru
world systems
econimic ties that bind people and places together
fertile cresent
first recorded agriculture cities and religion -globalization
neoliberalism
government out of the government and cut social services so you can pay back debts - miniamlist role for the economy

Access the best Study Guides, Lecture Notes and Practice Exams

Login

Join to view and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?