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Short Wave Radiation
radiation energy emitted by the sun in the form of waves of less than 4.0 micrometers
Long Wave Radiation
electromagnetic radiation emitted by Earth in form of waves more than 4.0 micrometers in amplitude, which includes heat reradiated by earth's surface
rotation
turning of the Earth on its polar axis; one complete rotation requires 24 hours and determines one earth day
revolution
motion of Earth along a path, or orbit, around the sun. Eequires approximately 365 1/4 days and determines as Earth year.
electromagnetic energy
all forms of energy that share the property of moving through space in a wavelike pattern of electric and magnetic fields
solstice
One of two times each year when the position of the noon sun is overhead at its farthest distance from the equator; this occurs when the sun is overhead at the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricon
equinox
one of two times each year when the position of the noon sun is overhead at the equator; all over Earth, day and night are of equal length
Tropic of Cancer
parallel of latitude at 23.5N the northern limit to the migration of the sun's vertical rays throughout the year
Tropic of Capricon
parallel of latitude at 23.5 S the southern limit to the migration of the sun's vertical rays throughout the year
isotherms
lines connecting points of equal temperature
maritime temperatures
relating to weather, climate, or atmospheric conditions in coastal or oceanic areas
latent heat of vaporization
Evaporation, no particular temp change.
latent heat of condensation
energy release in the form of heat, as water is converted from the gaseous to the liquid state
Cyclone
low pressure Anti-cycle or cyclone?
anti-cyclone
high pressure Anti-cycle or cyclone?
convergent winds
pressure-and-wind system where the airflow is inward toward the cetner, where the pressure is lowest
divergent winds
pressure-and-wind system where the airflow is outward away from the center
Coriolis effect
causes winds to be turned or deflected from their path
Windward
location on the side that faces toward the wind and therefore exposed or unprotected
leeward
located on the side facing away from the wind
equatorial low
zone of low atmospheric pressure centered more or less over the equator where heated air is rising
Trade Winds
consistent surface winds blowing in low latitudes from the subtropical highs toward the intertropical convergence zone
Saturation
point at which sufficient cooling has occurred so that an air mass contains the maximum amount of water vapor it can hold
absolute humidity
mass of water vapor present per unit volume of air, expressed as grams per cubic meter, or grains per cubic foot
cirrus clouds
high detatched clouds consisting of ice particles. clouds that are white and feathery or fibrous in appearance
convectional precipitation
precipitation resulting from condensation of water vapor in an air mass that is rising convenctionally as it is heated from below
dry adiabatic lapse rate
rate at which a rising mass of air is cooled by expansion when no condensation is occurring
wet adiabatic rate
rate at which a rising mass of air is cooled by expansion when condensation is taking place.
relative humidity
ratio between the amount of water vapor in air of a given temperature and the maximum amount of water vapor that the air could hold at that temperature, if saturated;usually expressed as a percentage
analemma
a diagram that shows the declination of the sun throughout the year
Oxygen- 21 Nitrogen- 78 Other -1
Atmosphere Oxygen __% Nitrogen __% Other __ %
from which hey flow
Wind are named according to the direction_____
Leeward because its sinking and warming
Which is dryer? Leeward or Windward?
Cyclones
Do more clouds develop in the anti cyclones or cyclones?
Warm
Cirrus clouds form after a ____ front
Cold
Cumulo nimbus clouds form after a ___ front
A) Counter clock-wise
Cyclones rotate___ A) Counter clock-wise B) Clockwise
B) Clockwise
Anti-Cyclones rotate___ A) Counter clock-wise B) Clockwise
A) Convectional
Precipitation Causing Conditions Lifting associated with excessive radiation. Example: Equatorial low A) Convectional B) Frontal C) Orographic
C) Orographic
Precipitation Causing Conditions Lifting associated with air masses rising to go over mountain barriers. For example: the Sierra Nevada Mountains A) Convectional B) Frontal C) Orographic
B) Frontal
Precipitation Causing Conditions Lifting associated with warm front and cold front air mass flow. For example: the American mid-west A) Convectional B) Frontal C) Orographic
Continental Polar
Weather is typically colder and stable because it is warmer than the surface beneath it
Westerlies
surface winds flowing from the polar portions of the subtropical highs, carrying fronts, storms, and variable weather conditions from west to east and through middle latitudes
Subtropical highs
cells of high atmospheric pressure centered over the eastern portions of the oceans in the vicinity of 30 degrees north and 30 degrees south latitude
Reflection
Smoke and dust Is that typically reflection or absorption?
Absorption
Water vapor and Carbon Dioxide Is that typically reflection or absorption?
Convection
process by which a circulation is produced within an air mass or fluid body
Conduction
transfer of heat within a body or between adjacent matter by means of internal molecular movement
Attenuation
Drawing out of energy
High Pressure to Low Pressure
Winds Blow from....
29.92
Air pressure standard sea level is ___ HG
Occluded Front
Boundary between a rapidly advancing cold air mass and an uplifted warm air mass cut off from Earth's surface
Inclination
____ of the earth is 23.5
Parallelism
_____ the length between the angle of the sun is always at 23.5

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