NREM 120 : FINAL EXAM
52 Cards in this Set
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An ecotone is the place or area btwn 2 distinctive habitat types. It is considered _____?
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particularly good for wildlife
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In our text & in lectures we've seen that a primary tool in the land managers' toolbox for wildlife management is the manipulation of ____? As a result some species do better while others may be disadvantaged.
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Successional Stages
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Ecologist have shown that an increased interspersion of habitat types will often benefit certain specis of wildlife. Effect is known as the ___? (ref pic)
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edge effect
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Which of the following would have the largest size territory?
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Great horned owl
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White-tailed deer populations in iowa have declined greatly in recent years due to intensification of agriculture and loss of habitat.
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False
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Which of the following goals of wildlife managers would be considered the most recently developed?
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to maximize biodiversity
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The regulation of wildlife harvest is based on a fundamental concept known as compensatory mortality. This regulation of wildlife harvest is most often intended to _____?
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inc. hunting mortality & decrease natural mortality
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A recent survey by the US Fish & Wildlife services examined how people use wildlife in the US. The results show which of the following as the largest category of people use wildlife?
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non-consumptive users
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Your textbook suggest 3 main methods to prevent extinction. Not among the is:
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the patch & corridor approach
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When there is no longer a wild breeding population in a given area, a species is said to have become ____?
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extirpated
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Which of the following is not an important trait of species that are vulnerable to extinction?
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island-dwelling
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Which of the following species is the most stenoecious (habitat or food specialist)?
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kirtland's warbler
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Which sort of landscape is most vulnerable to invasive species wreaking havoc on an existing ecosystem?
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island
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Which of the following is nota characteristic of most invasive species?
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narrow habitat and feeding preferences
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The problematic thing about invasive species is that
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they crowd our native species + they cause economic damages to agriculture (both of the above)
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Critics say that congress has passed by opportunities to require auto manufacturers to produce fleets of vehicles that get better gas mileage. Standards for fleet efficiency are popularly known as ___ standards.
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CAFE
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An adverse air quality condition in big cities characterized by oxides of nitrogen dioxide and various oxidants reacting chemically to sunlight (mostly in summer) is called _____?
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Photochemical smog
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Electrostatic precipitators and cyclone filter are methods industry used to ____?
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remove particulates
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Several international agreements have been signed into effect with the intent of reducing the world production of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). What has been the outcome of these agreements?
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Worldwide CFC production has been greatly reduced
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Two gases are especially well-known for their greenhouse effects. They are:
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Carbon Dioxide and Methane
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Which part of the globe seems to be changing most quickly, and is of particular concern to scientist thinking about global warning?
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the Arctic
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This April and early May saw record cold and snow fall here in Iowa. High school track meet all over Iowa were cancelled or postponed. Race organizers are thinking:
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we will continue to see variability & extremes in the weather
(*****questionable)
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Your textbook presents evidence that the Earth's surface temperature has been rising and that climate is changing. Which of the below is NOT on that list?
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Lessened severity of hurricanes
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In his lecture on the Freshwater Fisheries, significant threat to those fisheries that is affecting fish through the Mississippi River system, and including the Gulf of Mexico. The threat is:
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Gillnetting on the Mississippi allowing "trash fish" to gain advantage
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2 exotic aquatic organisms causing particularly significant disruption of native species of freshwater fish in the continental US are:
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zebra mussels are species of carp
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In lecture, Dr. Weber discussed fish stock dynamics and fish mortality factors in freshwater systems in a species that spends much of its life in the ocean but returns to its native stream to reproduce. This species is the _____?
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Salmon
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The maximum rate at which a population of fish can be harvested without impairing its ability to be renewed is termed the _____?
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max. sustainable yield
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The Chesapeake Bay oyster harvest is an example of a fishery that
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has declined since the 1970's and remained low
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Aquaculture practiced in pens in an inlet or bay ______.
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risks infecting wild fish with disease originating in a mass population.
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In his lecture on Saltwater fisheries, discussion on how some species are smaller in size than they used to be. This is due to _____
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competition with other fishermen
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What is "gyplure"
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sythetic sex attractant for IPM of gypsy moth
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What is a limitation to the use of solar cells as an energy source?
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they can't be used to power airplanes
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To be considered sustainable, a farm must ______.
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all of the previous things listed
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What does IPM mean?
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integrated pest management
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What type of tree produces juglone, a poison that kills competing trees?
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black walnut
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Which type of insects or disease is usually the most severe in the economic and ecological damage it causes?
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Endemic
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When using agricultural chemicals it is very important to know which of the following characteristics?
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toxicity, persistence, specificity, risk to non-targeting species (all of the above)
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In pest management, crop rotation, genetic improvement of the host plant, and the release of diseases and predators of pest are all forms of _____ control.
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biological
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The deliberate intro of natural control agents is one form of pest management called ____.
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biological control
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Why isnt biomass being used on a large scale now for power generation in Iowa?
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it costs more/kWh than coal
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In contrast to coal-fired power plants and imported petroleum products, biomass energy for Iowa would mean more jobs in rural areas.
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True
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Which biomass energy crop has the highest energy returned to energy investment ration (10:1 or more)?
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Willow
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Which new HEC is being studied at ISU bc it has been successful in Europe and in Trials at the UO Illinois? It is established by planting pieces of root (rhizomes).
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Miscanthus
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One very successful renewable energy source that has been used to provide electricity to dairy farms in Cali ____ could also play a significant role in Iowa.
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manure methane
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Using current tech, Iowa could supply ___% of its energy needs from renewable resources
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54
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Which industry is currently 70% self-sufficient in its energy needs by using renewable materials?
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wood
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Which federal agency adopted an ecosystem management plan that is responsible for the first delisting of a fish species that was considered endangered?
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defense department
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One aspect of ecosystem management is a focus on restoring the presence of species previously extirpated. The US fish and wildlife service is carrying out such a project on the walnut creek/neal smith refuge in Iowa. Which ecosystem and associated extirpated species is being brought back?
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tall grass prairie and bison
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Besides reconstructed wetlands, what new technique is available for removing nutrients from farm tile drainage.
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holding ponds and mid-summer irrigation of the nutrient laden water on crops.
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The chippewa nat'l forest monitors "sensitive species" like ___ and ____ to determine if their management of lakes and wetlands are protective biotic diversity.
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loon and lady-slipper orchid
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what relatively new development allows farmers to apply chemicals only where needed in the amounts needed by a specific piece of land?
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GPS precision equipment
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what happened that has eliminated the ecosystem management practices of the forest industry that had zoned their land with particular attention to streamside and wetland management.
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they sold off almost all of their land to developers and other land managers
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NREM 120: EXAM 2