SPEA-H 124 : FINAL EXAM
33 Cards in this Set
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Public Health
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Efforts made bu communities to cope with health problems arising from people living in groups... the need to control transmission of disease, maintain a sanitary environment, provide safe water and food, and sustain people with disabilities and low income populations
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Morbidity
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the incidence of prevalence of a disease or diseases in a population ("illness")
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Mortality
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The incidence of death in a population ("death")
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Incidence
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How many new cases of a disease or illness happen in a given time period
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Prevalence
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How many current cases of a disaster or illness exist at any given point
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Pioneer of Disease Mapping
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John Snow
London-1854
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Elizabethan Poor Laws (& 4 groups)
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1601- Recognition of government's (parish's) responsibility toward the needy
For impotent poor, Able-bodied poor, Idle poor, Pauper Children
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17th Century-William Petty & John Grant
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First collection, analysis of national data on industrial production, demographics; epidemiological tools, social factors in health and disease
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18th Century- Sir Percivall Pott
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Founder of modern epidemiology, linked occupational exposure to scrotal cancer among chimney sweeps.
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Lemuel Shattuck
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1850- statistician conducted US sanitary surveys of morbidity, mortality rates related environmental conditions; advocated city, state, responsibility
Led to creation of New York City Board of Health
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Late 1700's (US)
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Marine Hospitals
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1870 (US)
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Marine Hospital service reorganized as national hospital system; medical officer entitled "Surgeon General"; commercial interests placed Marine Hospital in Treasury Dept.
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1912 (US)
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Marine Hospital Service became US public health service
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1935 (US)
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Social Security act
Title VI: jurisdictions to create public health agencies and services
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1953 (US)
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Public Health Service joined new Dept. of Education and Welfare
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1970 (US)
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Dept of Education and Welfare renamed Dept. of Health and Human Services
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Under what branch of Gov. is the Dept. of Health and Human Services
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The Executive Branch
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Dept. of Health and Human Services
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Largest federal grant making agency; 11 operating divisions (NIH, FDA, CDC, ect.)
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Veterans Administration
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First established for disabled, indigent civil war under Dept. of defense; Now one of the worlds largest delivery system
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Tricare
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Health Insurance coverage for active duty and retired military and their families; pays for services rendered by PRIVATE healthcare providers.
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Healthy People 2000
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published by Human health services in 1990, list of national health promotion and disease prevention (90% of population should be served by local health dept to carry out core public health functions)
FAILURE- by 2000 less than 85% goals met, less than 78% in 2010
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Healthy People 2020
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10 year national goals and obj by human health services (42 topic areas; 600 obj.)
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Divergent Attention
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Private Med is for the individual, Public Health is for the population
They are both CONTINUOUS relationships
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Relationship of Physicians and Public Health Workers
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Physicians view public health workers as "unable to cut it in real world of private medicine"
MDs are drawn to clinical med due to prestige and pay
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What Percent of Federal Resources are Allocated to Public Health
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less than 1%, Resources favor curative medicine (US fascination w/ dramatic, high tech medicine)
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"Public Health is the neglected step child of the US Healthcare System"
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Health Affairs (2006)
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(In terms of an aging America) The traditional, physiologic medical model is effective in managing chronic illness, it does not...
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adress challenges of the activities of daily living common to the elder person
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Hebrews origin PH
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Spiritual cleanliness and community responsiblities
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Greek origin PH
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Personal hygine to acheive mind body balance
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Roman origin PH
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Water system, sewage disposal, infirmaries for sick and poor were first public hospital
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Renaissance
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Rebirth of art and science, production and world trade demanded healthy laborers/ soldiers; centralized gov public health measures
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Medieval
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overpopulated, filthy walled towns spawned epidemics, superstitious, and demonic theologies of disease
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New York Poor Laws
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1788- influenced by british model, established almhouses
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