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HIST 1051: Exam 1
black codes
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-were laws passed by southern state legislatures that limited blacks rights and freedoms after the civil war.
-couldnt vote
-couldnt intermingle (talk to people of other races)
-could not testify against whites
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sharecropping
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a system in agriculture in the south during reconstruction after civil war that replaced the plantation systems since african americans were now "free". A landowner gives a farmer and his family a house, seeds, and tools. this will be deducted out of their pay . the farmer would grow crops and then during harvest season the landowner would sell the crops and sharing the earnings with the farmer
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kkk
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founded in 1866, was in almost every southern state during reconstruction era. they targeted freemen and their allies. They aimed to restore white supremacy by threatening and using harsh violence against african americans
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jim crow laws
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racial segregation laws that were put in place at the end of reconstruction.
-whites reasserted their dominance by denying african americans rights like voting. Everything was separate but equal. (GIVE EXAMPLE ABOUT SCHOOLS)
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andrew johnson
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became president after lincolns assassination towards the end of civil war, he did not plan to give protection to former slaves not did he support the 14th ammendmant
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14th ammendmant
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created in the late 1860s
-granted citizenship and equal rights to african americans and slaves
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15th amendment
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prohibits government from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizens race or color
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industrialization
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occurred mostly in cities so everyone moved to the city, the south was a little bit more behind than the north
-more machinery and technology was created which increased the production of items
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thomas edison
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inventor of a type of light bulb, made a factory solely for inventions
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andrew carnegie
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industrialist, invested in steel industries, put a lot of his money into charities and foundations
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knights of labor
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labor organization, people demanded 8hr days and wanted raises
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social darwinism
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survival of the fittest, best and brightest are successful and the poor are poor bc they don't work hard enough
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ellis island
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used to handle the large number of immigrants coming from eastern and southern europe who were trying to create a better life
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homestead act
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1860s, any adult citizen who headed a family could qualify for a grant of 160 acres of public land by paying small fee and living on it for 5 years, willing to pay 1.25$ and could obtain it in 6 months
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plains indian culture
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indians moved around a lot and were very mobile to hunt
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little bighorn
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1870s, Custers last stand, went in and led attack on indians
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ghost dance
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new religious movement within indian culture, believed that the dance would reunite the living with the spirits of the dead and bring peace, prosperity, and unity. it scared the us army they thought it was beginning of an uprising
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wounded knee
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battle in north dakota, troops went in to disarm indians, a gun went off accidentally and resulted in a shootout and killing many people
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promontory point
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place in utah where railroad lines were built, completing the first transcontinental railroad line, led to integration of western territories
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dawes act
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divided land into allotments, accepting allotments and living separately from tribe would be granted u.s. citizenship, attempted to americanize indians
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carisle
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indian boarding school, taught kids how to be american, some kids were forced by the government to go there, became bicultural
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charles eastman
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was indian and went to boarding school, also went to college and became a physician, remained native american and american at the same time
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jim thorpe
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was indian and product of car isle indian school, best american athlete but was actually indian
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populist party
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created by farmers who were not happy with the lowering prices of their crops and other agriculture related issues
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farmers alliance
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nat. organization, went to government but they were lassies fare
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1896 election
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populists ran and kind of worked with democrats
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Bimetalism
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Monetary system in which the government would give citizens either gold or silver in exchange for paper money
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william jennings bryan
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was a democrat but populists elected him their president
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panama canal
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created so ships could travel and trade goods faster and easier from coast to coast
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alfred thayer mahan
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said we needed to create a modern, strong navy in order to become an empire
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spanish american war
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spanish empire collapsed, we gained control of philippines and became and empire
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